GIS
Digital terrain analysis
GIS stands for geographic information system, software that captures, stores, and analyzes spatial data tied to locations on Earth.
Urban planners, ecologists, and businesses use GIS to visualize patterns and make decisions based on geography: The city's GIS showed flood risk zones.
Pronounced as three letters or sometimes as "jis." (Lowercase gis is the plural of gi, the martial arts uniform.)
Grid of pixels
- vectorQuantity with direction
- attributesInherent characteristics or properties
- tableHorizontal furniture surface
- schemaOrganized representational structure
metadata · digitizing · mosaic · imagery · dem · classification · resolution · census
Spatial data analysis software
Single unit of information
- coordinate systemMethod for locating points
- georeferencingAligning data to Earth coordinates
- geocodingConverting places to coordinates
- geoidGravitational equipotential surface model
ellipsoid · latitude · longitude · WGS84 · UTM · transformation · geodetic · spheroid
Study of spatial arrangement
- datumSingle unit of information
- coordinate systemMethod for locating points
- georeferencingAligning data to Earth coordinates
- geocodingConverting places to coordinates
buffer · intersection · union · clip · dissolve · merge · proximity · azimuth
Digital position identification
- coordinatesLocation-specifying number pairs
- latitudeGeographic or personal freedom
- longitudeEast-west angular distance
- addressSpeak to formally
placename · gazetteer · poi · waypoint · landmark · position · altitude · elevation
Diagram of correspondences
- cartographyCreating geographic representations
- projectionSomething that extends outward
- scaleMeasure of relative size
- legendUnverified traditional tale
coordinates · compass · atlas · surveying · plotting · layout · symbology · generalization
Light-based distance measurement
- photogrammetryDeriving measurements from photographs
- multispectralSpanning several wavelength ranges
- hyperspectralImaging beyond visible spectrum
- classificationSystematic grouping by traits
Examining relationships between connected elements
- suitabilityState of being apt
- interpolationEstimating between known values
- hotspotArea of notable activity
- clusteringForming concentrated groups
watershed · slope · aspect · contour · terrain analysis · modeling · simulation · prediction
Relating to place and duration
- trackingMonitoring location over time
- trajectoryPath of moving object
- movementChange in position
- animationTechnique creating movement illusion
temporal · historical · versioning · timestamp · real-time · dynamic · update · snapshot
Moving people or goods
- utilitiesEssential infrastructure services
- agricultureCultivation of land, livestock
- forestryManaging wooded land
- archaeologyStudy of physical remnants
real-estate · logistics · epidemiology · conservation · wildfire · ecology
raster
Grid of pixels
- vectorQuantity with direction
- attributesInherent characteristics or properties
- tableHorizontal furniture surface
schema · metadata · digitizing · mosaic · imagery · dem · classification · resolution · census · demographics
ArcGIS
Spatial data analysis software
datum
Single unit of information
- coordinate systemMethod for locating points
- georeferencingAligning data to Earth coordinates
- geocodingConverting places to coordinates
geoid · ellipsoid · latitude · longitude · WGS84 · UTM · transformation · geodetic · spheroid · azimuthal
topology
Study of spatial arrangement
- datumSingle unit of information
- coordinate systemMethod for locating points
- georeferencingAligning data to Earth coordinates
geocoding · buffer · intersection · union · clip · dissolve · merge · proximity · azimuth · bearing
geolocation
Digital position identification
- coordinatesLocation-specifying number pairs
- latitudeGeographic or personal freedom
- longitudeEast-west angular distance
address · placename · gazetteer · poi · waypoint · landmark · position · altitude · elevation · accuracy
mapping
Diagram of correspondences
- cartographyCreating geographic representations
- projectionSomething that extends outward
- scaleMeasure of relative size
legend · coordinates · compass · atlas · surveying · plotting · layout · symbology · generalization · thematic
LIDAR
Light-based distance measurement
- photogrammetryDeriving measurements from photographs
- multispectralSpanning several wavelength ranges
- hyperspectralImaging beyond visible spectrum
classification · radar · thermal · resolution · pixel · scene · swath
network analysis
Examining relationships between connected elements
- suitabilityState of being apt
- interpolationEstimating between known values
- hotspotArea of notable activity
clustering · watershed · slope · aspect · contour · terrain analysis · modeling · simulation · prediction · overlay
spatiotemporal
Relating to place and duration
- trackingMonitoring location over time
- trajectoryPath of moving object
- movementChange in position
animation · temporal · historical · versioning · timestamp · real-time · dynamic · update · snapshot · archive
transportation
Moving people or goods
- utilitiesEssential infrastructure services
- agricultureCultivation of land, livestock
- forestryManaging wooded land
archaeology · real-estate · logistics · epidemiology · conservation · wildfire · ecology
- Earth observationremote sensing, satellite imagery, satellite data, weather satellites, thermal imaging
- geologic surveysfield survey, aerial survey, land survey, fieldwork, field work
- precision agricultureremote sensing, satellite imagery, hyperspectral, thermal imaging, infrared imaging
- geography topicsGPS, mapping, cartography, digital maps, Google Maps
- Mappingmap, digital maps, compass rose, GPS, latitude
- Geography Resourcesmap, maps, atlas, atlases, globe