epidemiology
Population health science
Epidemiology is the branch of medicine that studies how diseases spread through populations and what factors influence their occurrence.
Epidemiologists track outbreaks, identify risk factors, and analyze patterns of illness to inform public health policy.
The epidemiology of heart disease points to diet and exercise as key variables.
The field gained widespread public attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, when epidemiological models shaped government responses worldwide.
Rate of occurrence
- prevalenceState of being widespread
- morbidityDisease occurrence rate
- mortalityState of eventual death
- etiologyScience of disease origins
pathogenesis · transmission · infection · vector · reservoir · host · pathogen · virulence
Administered immunity booster
- immunizationProtective medical injection
- prophylaxisPreventive medical treatment
- quarantineIsolation preventing disease transmission
- isolationComplete separation from others
contact-tracing · sanitation · hygiene · disinfection · masking · intervention
WHO-named 2019 coronavirus
- influenzaAcute viral respiratory infection
- H1N1Influenza A subtype
- SARSViral pneumonia syndrome
- MERSMiddle Eastern respiratory virus
outbreak · wave · epicenter · super-spreader · lockdown · variant · mutation · WHO
Group sharing circumstances
- cross-sectionalCut through perpendicularly
- longitudinalAlong the longer dimension
- observationalBased on direct perception
- randomizedArranged by chance
prospective · retrospective · ecological · surveillance · contact-tracing · screening · dose-response · blinding
Statistical methods for medicine
- p-valueProbability under null hypothesis
- regressionReturn to former state
- correlationStatistical relationship measure
- biasUnfair inclination or prejudice
confounding · sampling · power · significance · sensitivity · specificity · standardization
incidence
Rate of occurrence
- prevalenceState of being widespread
- morbidityDisease occurrence rate
- mortalityState of eventual death
etiology · pathogenesis · transmission · infection · vector · reservoir · host · pathogen · virulence · zoonosis
vaccination
Administered immunity booster
- immunizationProtective medical injection
- prophylaxisPreventive medical treatment
- quarantineIsolation preventing disease transmission
isolation · contact-tracing · sanitation · hygiene · disinfection · masking · intervention
COVID-19
WHO-named 2019 coronavirus
MERS · outbreak · wave · epicenter · super-spreader · lockdown · variant · mutation · WHO · declaration
cohort
Group sharing circumstances
- cross-sectionalCut through perpendicularly
- longitudinalAlong the longer dimension
- observationalBased on direct perception
randomized · prospective · retrospective · ecological · surveillance · contact-tracing · screening · dose-response · blinding · matching
biostatistics
Statistical methods for medicine
- p-valueProbability under null hypothesis
- regressionReturn to former state
- correlationStatistical relationship measure
bias · confounding · sampling · power · significance · sensitivity · specificity · standardization
migration
Movement to new territory
- urbanizationPopulation shift toward cities
- medicinedoctor, doctors, hospital, medicine, surgery
- sciencebiology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, geology
- sciencesbiology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, geology
- academic fieldsmathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, history
- Biomedicineanatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, immunology
- disciplinesbiology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, psychology
epidemiologyclinical medicine
Hands-on healthcare practice
clinical diagnosis · patient care · personalized medicine · clinical practice · case study
epidemiologyfolk medicine
Traditional healing practices
therapeutics · clinical intervention · treatment · pseudoscience · surgery
epidemiologyetiology
Science of disease origins
pathogenesis · basic science · molecular biology · laboratory research
epidemiologist, epidemiological, epidemiologists, epidemiologically