neoplasm
Mass of cells
A neoplasm is an abnormal mass of tissue resulting from uncontrolled cell growth—essentially, a tumor.
The term is medical and neutral, covering both benign growths (which don't spread) and malignant ones (cancers that invade surrounding tissue).
Doctors often prefer neoplasm in clinical contexts because it avoids the alarming connotations of "tumor" or "cancer."
Rapid increase in quantity
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- angiogenesisFormation of new vessels
- apoptosisProgrammed cell death
- metastasisCancer spreading beyond origin
oncogene · tumor suppressor · cell cycle · mitosis · carcinogenesis · epigenetics · growth factor · clonal
Epithelial malignant tumor
- sarcomaConnective tissue cancer
- lymphomaCancer from immune cells
- leukemiaMalignancy of blood-forming tissues
- melanomaAggressive pigment-cell cancer
adenocarcinoma · glioblastoma · myeloma · neuroblastoma · glioma · metastatic · invasive · aggressive
Physician specializing in tumors
- chemotherapyAnti-cancer drug treatment
- radiotherapyMedical radiation for cancer
- immunotherapyDisease treatment via body's defenses
- biopsyTissue sample for diagnosis
staging · remission · prognosis · palliative · hospice · targeted therapy · hormone therapy · PET scan
Study of tissue structure
- cytologyStudy of cells
- gradingAssigning marks to work
- differentiationRecognizing meaningful differences
- atypiaCellular deviation from normal
biopsy · frozen section · pathologist · specimen · staining · morphology · cellular · tissue
Benign epithelial tumor
- lipomaBenign adipose growth
- fibromaBenign connective tissue tumor
- papillomaBenign epithelial outgrowth
- meningiomaTumor from protective brain layers
hemangioma · chondroma · myoma · angioma · nevus · polyp · teratoma · dermoid
Lower body immobility
- paralysisLoss of muscle function
- myelopathySpinal cord pathology
- extraduralOutside the dura mater
- laminectomyRemoving vertebral arch surgically
proliferation
Rapid increase in quantity
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
- angiogenesisFormation of new vessels
- apoptosisProgrammed cell death
metastasis · oncogene · tumor suppressor · cell cycle · mitosis · carcinogenesis · epigenetics · growth factor · clonal · heterogeneity
carcinoma
Epithelial malignant tumor
- sarcomaConnective tissue cancer
- lymphomaCancer from immune cells
- leukemiaMalignancy of blood-forming tissues
melanoma · adenocarcinoma · glioblastoma · myeloma · neuroblastoma · glioma · metastatic · invasive · aggressive · squamous
oncologist
Physician specializing in tumors
- chemotherapyAnti-cancer drug treatment
- radiotherapyMedical radiation for cancer
- immunotherapyDisease treatment via body's defenses
biopsy · staging · remission · prognosis · palliative · hospice · targeted therapy · hormone therapy · PET scan · oncogene
histology
Study of tissue structure
- cytologyStudy of cells
- gradingAssigning marks to work
- differentiationRecognizing meaningful differences
atypia · biopsy · frozen section · pathologist · specimen · staining · morphology · cellular · tissue · malignancy
adenoma
Benign epithelial tumor
- lipomaBenign adipose growth
- fibromaBenign connective tissue tumor
- papillomaBenign epithelial outgrowth
meningioma · hemangioma · chondroma · myoma · angioma · nevus · polyp · teratoma · dermoid
paraplegia
Lower body immobility
- paralysisLoss of muscle function
- myelopathySpinal cord pathology
- extraduralOutside the dura mater
- oncologycancer, tumor, carcinoma, metastasis, malignancy
- growthsgrowth, growths, tumor, tumors, tumour
- neo- wordsneoclassical, neolithic, neologism, neophyte, neocortex
- tumorstumor, cancer, benign tumor, malignant tumor, carcinoma
- cell massesclump, cluster, colony, aggregate, spheroid
- cell biologycell membrane, cell division, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
neoplasmatrophy
Wasting from disuse
hypoplasia · aplasia · necrosis · tissue death · involution