cytology
Microscopic cell study
Cytology is the branch of biology concerned with the structure and function of cells.
In medical contexts, cytology usually refers to the microscopic examination of cells to detect abnormalities: The cytology report came back normal.
A Pap smear is a common cytological test.
Central controlling part
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- ribosomesCellular translation machinery
- lysosomesOrganelles containing breakdown enzymes
- membraneThin tissue sheet
organelles · microtubules · chromatin · nucleolus · vacuole · centrioles · peroxisomes · actin
Instrument for viewing minute objects
- stainingApplying dye or pigment
- slideSmooth continuous movement
- specimenIndividual for examination
- magnificationDegree of visual enlargement
resolution · fluorescence · fixation · mounting · contrast · illumination · confocal
Visualizing chromosomal arrangement
- cytogeneticsChromosome structure and inheritance science
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
- centrifugationSpinning to separate densities
- FISHChromosome sequence visualization method
Tissue sample for diagnosis
- histopathologyDisease study through tissue
- screeningEvaluative selection process
- abnormalitiesDeviations from standard patterns
- dysplasiaAbnormal tissue formation
malignant · benign · carcinoma · neoplasia · metastasis · staging · prognosis · exfoliative
Study of disease processes
- geneticsScience of hereditary transmission
- biochemistryScience of living chemistry
- embryologyStudy of prenatal development
- oncologyCancer medicine specialty
immunology · physiology · anatomy · biotechnology · genomics
Nuclear division producing identical cells
- meiosisGamete-producing cell division
- interphasePre-division growth stage
- prophaseFirst mitotic stage
- metaphaseChromosomal equator formation stage
anaphase · telophase · cytokinesis · chromosomes · spindle · centromere · chromatid · replication
nucleus
Central controlling part
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- ribosomesCellular translation machinery
- lysosomesOrganelles containing breakdown enzymes
membrane · organelles · microtubules · chromatin · nucleolus · vacuole · centrioles · peroxisomes · actin · vesicles
microscope
Instrument for viewing minute objects
magnification · resolution · fluorescence · fixation · mounting · contrast · illumination · confocal
karyotyping
Visualizing chromosomal arrangement
- cytogeneticsChromosome structure and inheritance science
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
- centrifugationSpinning to separate densities
biopsy
Tissue sample for diagnosis
- histopathologyDisease study through tissue
- screeningEvaluative selection process
- abnormalitiesDeviations from standard patterns
dysplasia · malignant · benign · carcinoma · neoplasia · metastasis · staging · prognosis · exfoliative
pathology
Study of disease processes
- geneticsScience of hereditary transmission
- biochemistryScience of living chemistry
- embryologyStudy of prenatal development
oncology · immunology · physiology · anatomy · biotechnology · genomics
mitosis
Nuclear division producing identical cells
- meiosisGamete-producing cell division
- interphasePre-division growth stage
- prophaseFirst mitotic stage
metaphase · anaphase · telophase · cytokinesis · chromosomes · spindle · centromere · chromatid · replication · cleavage
protoplasm
Living matter inside cells
- discoveryAct of finding something
- biologycells, DNA, cell, biology, gene
- sciencesbiology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, geology
- Biomedicineanatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, immunology
- medical testsblood test, blood tests, CT scan, X-ray, urine tests
- oncologycancer, tumor, carcinoma, metastasis, malignancy
- lab sciencebiology, chemistry, physics, microbiology, biochemistry
cytologyecology
Study of environmental relations
zoology · botany · natural history · ethology · biogeography