mutation
DNA sequence shift
Mutation is a change or alteration, especially one that produces something noticeably different from the original.
In biology, a mutation is a permanent change in genetic material—the mechanism by which evolution introduces variation: The mutation gave the bacteria resistance to antibiotics.
Outside science, mutation often carries negative connotations of unnatural or unwelcome transformation: The proposal underwent so many mutations it was unrecognizable.
Hereditary code molecule
- geneHereditary information unit
- alleleGene variant at one locus
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- base pairTwo matched nucleotides bonded
chromosome · genotype · frameshift · insertion · deletion · duplication · inversion · translocation
Departure from expected path
- aberrationDeviation from the norm
- abnormalityDeviation from expected state
- variantDiffering form of something
- irregularityDeparture from standard
alteration · change · divergence · oddity · freak · sport · novelty · exception
Differential reproductive success
- adaptationFitting to new conditions
- fitnessGood physical shape
- speciationFormation of distinct species
- genetic driftRandom allele frequency change
gene pool · phenotype · survival · variation · selective pressure · deleterious · evolvability · reproductive success
Three chromosomes, not two
- translocationMovement to another place
- deletionRemoval of content
- duplicationMaking an identical copy
- inversionReversal of position
karyotype · Down syndrome · chromosomal abnormality · mosaicism
Cancer-promoting agent
- radiationEnergy propagation through space
- UV lightInvisible solar radiation
- X-raysShort-wavelength penetrating light
- DNA damageInjury to genetic material
Tumor-inducing genetic element
- tumor suppressorGene preventing uncontrolled growth
- cancerUncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- carcinogenesisMalignant transformation process
- pathogenicCausing disease
inherited disorder · genetic disease · BRCA · cystic fibrosis · sickle cell · Huntington · dominant · recessive
Gene-editing molecular machinery
- gene editingTargeted DNA alteration
- genetic engineeringDeliberate DNA modification
- transgenicHaving inserted foreign genes
- knockoutIncapacitating final blow
recombinant DNA · gene therapy · plasmid · vector · cloning · synthetic biology · genome editing · bioengineering
DNA
Hereditary code molecule
- geneHereditary information unit
- alleleGene variant at one locus
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
base pair · chromosome · genotype · frameshift · insertion · deletion · duplication · inversion · translocation · substitution
deviation
Departure from expected path
- aberrationDeviation from the norm
- abnormalityDeviation from expected state
- variantDiffering form of something
irregularity · alteration · change · divergence · oddity · freak · sport · novelty · exception · outlier
natural selection
Differential reproductive success
- adaptationFitting to new conditions
- fitnessGood physical shape
- speciationFormation of distinct species
genetic drift · gene pool · phenotype · survival · variation · selective pressure · deleterious · evolvability · reproductive success · heredity
trisomy
Three chromosomes, not two
- translocationMovement to another place
- deletionRemoval of content
- duplicationMaking an identical copy
inversion · karyotype · Down syndrome · chromosomal abnormality · mosaicism
carcinogen
Cancer-promoting agent
oncogene
Tumor-inducing genetic element
- tumor suppressorGene preventing uncontrolled growth
- cancerUncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- carcinogenesisMalignant transformation process
pathogenic · inherited disorder · genetic disease · BRCA · cystic fibrosis · sickle cell · Huntington · dominant · recessive · penetrance
CRISPR
Gene-editing molecular machinery
- gene editingTargeted DNA alteration
- genetic engineeringDeliberate DNA modification
- transgenicHaving inserted foreign genes
knockout · recombinant DNA · gene therapy · plasmid · vector · cloning · synthetic biology · genome editing · bioengineering · GMO
- evolutionevolution, natural selection, adaptation, speciation, fitness
- pandemiclockdowns, COVID-19, outbreak, epidemic, COVID
- hereditygenes, DNA, gene, chromosomes, genetics
- Biology HistoryDarwin, Mendel, evolution, natural selection, cell theory
- BiotechDNA, bioengineering, genetic testing, gene, DNA sequencing
- cell biologycell membrane, cell division, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
mutationwild type
Natural, unmutated genetic variant
conservation · stasis · invariance · reversion · stagnation
mutationconstancy
Unchanging faithfulness over time
immutability · stability · stasis · permanence · fixity
- gene mutationChange in DNA sequence
- genetic mutationHeritable DNA sequence change
- viral mutationChange in pathogen's genome
- random mutationUnplanned genetic change
- rare mutationUnusual change in DNA
- virus mutationAltered pathogen genetic sequence
transmutation, permutation, mutating, mutations, mutational, transmutations