peroxisomes
Cellular cleanup vesicles
Peroxisomes are small membrane-bound compartments in cells that break down fatty acids and neutralize toxic substances, particularly hydrogen peroxide—hence the name.
Found in nearly all eukaryotic cells, they work alongside mitochondria in energy metabolism.
Peroxisomes are especially abundant in liver and kidney cells, where detoxification demands are highest.
Peroxide-degrading enzyme
- beta-oxidationFatty acid breakdown pathway
- oxidationLosing electrons chemically
- detoxificationRemoving harmful substances internally
Nuclear breakup releasing energy
- proliferationRapid increase in quantity
- divisionSplitting into parts
Organelles containing breakdown enzymes
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- endoplasmic reticulumCytoplasmic membrane network for synthesis
- vacuolesCell's storage compartments
catalase
Peroxide-degrading enzyme
- beta-oxidationFatty acid breakdown pathway
- oxidationLosing electrons chemically
- detoxificationRemoving harmful substances internally
fission
Nuclear breakup releasing energy
- proliferationRapid increase in quantity
- divisionSplitting into parts
neurodegeneration
Progressive loss of neurons
- demyelinationNerve sheath degradation
lysosomes
Organelles containing breakdown enzymes
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- endoplasmic reticulumCytoplasmic membrane network for synthesis
- vacuolesCell's storage compartments
lumen
Light output measure
peroxisomesmitochondria
Cell's energy-producing organelles
chloroplasts · ribosomes · lysosomes · endoplasmic reticulum · Golgi apparatus