Ottoman Empire
Constantinople's ruling state
The Ottoman Empire was a Turkish state that dominated southeastern Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa from the 14th century until its dissolution after World War I.
At its height under Suleiman the Magnificent, it controlled territory from Hungary to Yemen.
The empire's collapse created the modern Middle East, with successor states drawn largely by European powers.
Ottoman persists as an adjective for the empire's era and culture: Ottoman architecture, Ottoman rule.
Historic Turkish metropolis
- BalkansSoutheastern European peninsula
- AnatoliaWestern Asian peninsula
- LevantEastern Mediterranean coastal region
- ByzantiumEastern Roman civilization
Mamluks · Crimean Khanate · vassal states · territorial · Siege of Vienna · Battle of Lepanto · Treaty of Karlowitz · Hungary
Ottoman Empire's first ruler
Small-seeded cereal grasses
- cosmopolitanCulturally sophisticated, internationally fluent
- coexistenceSimultaneous presence together
- pluralismCoexistence of differing views
- toleranceWillingness to accept difference
multireligious · multilingual · Greeks · Armenians · Jews · Arabs · Kurds · Sephardim
Sultan's central administration
- divanArmless, backless seating
- grand vizierSupreme minister of state
- viziersIslamic government officials
- pashasOttoman military titles
beylerbey · eyalet · timar system · capitulations · bureaucracy · administration
Mounted military force
- gunpowderCombustible propellant mixture
- siege warfareSurrounding fortifications to force capitulation
- navyMaritime military force
- Barbary corsairsNorth African maritime raiders
conquest · campaigns · fortifications · artillery · galleys · military bands
Devotion to one's country
- World War IFirst global military conflict
- partitionBarrier separating spaces
- capitulationsActs of giving in
- reformImprove by correcting faults
Constantinople
Historic Turkish metropolis
- BalkansSoutheastern European peninsula
- AnatoliaWestern Asian peninsula
- LevantEastern Mediterranean coastal region
Byzantium · Mamluks · Crimean Khanate · vassal states · territorial · Siege of Vienna · Battle of Lepanto · Treaty of Karlowitz · Hungary · Rhodes
Osman
Ottoman Empire's first ruler
Ibrahim · harem · succession · fratricide
millets
Small-seeded cereal grasses
- cosmopolitanCulturally sophisticated, internationally fluent
- coexistenceSimultaneous presence together
- pluralismCoexistence of differing views
tolerance · multireligious · multilingual · Greeks · Armenians · Jews · Arabs · Kurds · Sephardim · rum
Sublime Porte
Sultan's central administration
- divanArmless, backless seating
- grand vizierSupreme minister of state
- viziersIslamic government officials
pashas · beylerbey · eyalet · timar system · capitulations · bureaucracy · administration
cavalry
Mounted military force
- gunpowderCombustible propellant mixture
- siege warfareSurrounding fortifications to force capitulation
- navyMaritime military force
Barbary corsairs · conquest · campaigns · fortifications · artillery · galleys · military bands
nationalism
Devotion to one's country
- World War IFirst global military conflict
- partitionBarrier separating spaces
- capitulationsActs of giving in
- Ottoman Empiresultans, grand vizier, Constantinople, Suleiman, Istanbul
- AnatoliaAnatolia, Asia Minor, Ankara, Cappadocia, Istanbul
- Arab HistoryArab Spring, Arab League, Nasser, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Baath Party
- Historical PlacesUSSR, Persia, Prussia, Siam, Burma
- Lost TerritoriesAlsace-Lorraine, Prussia, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, East Germany
- Ottoman JewrySephardim, Ladino, Judeo-Spanish
Ottoman EmpireByzantine Empire
Medieval eastern Roman state
Eastern Roman Empire · Byzantium · Roman Empire · Christendom
Ottoman EmpireHabsburg Empire
Austrian ruling family's domain
Russian Empire · Austro-Hungarian Empire · Holy Roman Empire · Tsarist Russia · British Empire
Ottoman EmpireSafavid Empire
Persian Shia dynasty, 1501-1736
Persian Empire · Qajar dynasty · Shia Islam · Mamluk Sultanate · Mughal Empire