human genetics
Study of inheritance
Human genetics is the branch of biology that studies heredity in humans—how traits pass from parents to offspring through genes.
The field encompasses genetic disorders, inheritance patterns, and the human genome.
Human genetics has revolutionized our understanding of disease.
Clinical applications include genetic testing, counseling, and increasingly, gene therapy.
Hereditary code molecule
- chromosomeDNA strand carrying genes
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- base pairTwo matched nucleotides bonded
- double helixTwo intertwined spirals
adenine · thymine · cytosine · guanine · codon · transcription · translation · replication
Genetic trait transmission
- alleleGene variant at one locus
- dominantHaving superior influence
- recessiveMasked unless paired identically
- genotypeOrganism's complete allele set
phenotype · pedigree · sex-linked · carrier · Mendelian · monogenic · polygenic · homozygous
Pigmentation of iris
- hair colorPigment of strands
- skin toneBody's surface coloration
- heightVertical extent upward
- blood typeRed cell antigen classification
dimples · freckles · baldness · earlobe · fingerprints · complexion · metabolism · tongue rolling
Determining element order
- karyotypeOrganized chromosome display
- bioinformaticsComputational analysis of genetic data
- haplotypeLinked genetic variants inherited together
- locusParticular position or place
autosomes · sex chromosomes · linkage · annotation · variant calling
Gene-editing molecular machinery
- recombinant DNALab-fused genetic sequences
- cloningMaking identical copies
- stem cellsUndifferentiated cells with regenerative potential
- designer babiesGenetically customized offspring
bioethics · GMO · transgenic · viral vector · Cas9 · synthetic biology
Medical evaluation during pregnancy
- BRCATumor suppressor gene
- cystic fibrosisGenetic disorder thickening mucus
- sickle cellInherited blood cell malformation
- Huntington'sInherited neurodegenerative condition
Down syndrome · trisomy · deletion · translocation · hereditary disease · amniocentesis · newborn screening · diagnostic testing
Differential reproductive success
- adaptationFitting to new conditions
- common ancestorOrigin point of descendants
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
- migrationMovement to new territory
bottleneck · selective pressure · fitness · coalescence · Neanderthal · ancient DNA
DNA
Hereditary code molecule
- chromosomeDNA strand carrying genes
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- base pairTwo matched nucleotides bonded
double helix · adenine · thymine · cytosine · guanine · codon · transcription · translation · replication · polymerase
heredity
Genetic trait transmission
- alleleGene variant at one locus
- dominantHaving superior influence
- recessiveMasked unless paired identically
genotype · phenotype · pedigree · sex-linked · carrier · Mendelian · monogenic · polygenic · homozygous · heterozygous
eye color
Pigmentation of iris
- hair colorPigment of strands
- skin toneBody's surface coloration
- heightVertical extent upward
blood type · dimples · freckles · baldness · earlobe · fingerprints · complexion · metabolism · tongue rolling · widow's peak
sequencing
Determining element order
- karyotypeOrganized chromosome display
- bioinformaticsComputational analysis of genetic data
- haplotypeLinked genetic variants inherited together
locus · autosomes · sex chromosomes · linkage · annotation · variant calling
CRISPR
Gene-editing molecular machinery
- recombinant DNALab-fused genetic sequences
- cloningMaking identical copies
- stem cellsUndifferentiated cells with regenerative potential
designer babies · bioethics · GMO · transgenic · viral vector · Cas9 · synthetic biology
prenatal testing
Medical evaluation during pregnancy
- BRCATumor suppressor gene
- cystic fibrosisGenetic disorder thickening mucus
- sickle cellInherited blood cell malformation
Huntington's · Down syndrome · trisomy · deletion · translocation · hereditary disease · amniocentesis · newborn screening · diagnostic testing · risk assessment
natural selection
Differential reproductive success
- adaptationFitting to new conditions
- common ancestorOrigin point of descendants
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
migration · bottleneck · selective pressure · fitness · coalescence · Neanderthal · ancient DNA
- genetics topicsdominant traits, recessive traits, DNA replication, animal breeding, pharmacogenomics
- human biologyDNA analysis, nutrition, Homo sapiens, physical traits, comparative anatomy
- human originsHomo sapiens, hominins, hominids, Cro-Magnon, Neanderthals
human geneticsenvironmental influence
How surroundings shape things
nurture · environmental factors · social environment · upbringing · environment
human geneticscultural inheritance
Traditions received from ancestors
social learning · tradition · cultural evolution · oral tradition · education
human, genetics, humans, humane, humanly, humanity, humanism, humanist, humanistic