chromosome
DNA's structural package
A chromosome is a thread-like structure in cells that carries genetic information.
Chromosomes contain DNA organized into genes, which determine inherited traits.
Humans typically have 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs, with the final pair determining biological sex—XX in females, XY in males.
The condition results from an extra chromosome.
Chromosome's spindle attachment site
- telomereProtective chromosome terminus
- chromatidReplicated chromosome copy
- histoneChromosome-packing protein
- nucleosomeHistone-DNA complex
locus · arm · banding · karyotype · homologous · sister · constriction · scaffold
Organized chromosome display
- cytogeneticsChromosome structure and inheritance science
- bandingAdding decorative strips
- FISHChromosome sequence visualization method
- stainingApplying dye or pigment
microscopy · spread · preparation · hybridization · probe · mapping · spectral
Gene variant at one locus
- genotypeOrganism's complete allele set
- phenotypeObservable characteristics of organism
- heredityGenetic trait transmission
- traitDistinguishing personal quality
dominant · recessive · variation · pedigree · heritable · inheritance · mutation · polymorphism
Hereditary code molecule
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
guanine · replication · transcription · polymerase · sequencing · genome · coding · noncoding
Nuclear division producing identical cells
- meiosisGamete-producing cell division
- diploidTwo complete chromosome sets
- haploidSingle chromosome complement
- somaticConcerning the body
gamete · spindle · segregation · anaphase · metaphase · prophase · telophase · cytokinesis
Movement to another place
- deletionRemoval of content
- duplicationMaking an identical copy
- inversionReversal of position
- mosaicismMixed genetic makeup
syndrome · mutation · aberration · rearrangement · fragile
centromere
Chromosome's spindle attachment site
- telomereProtective chromosome terminus
- chromatidReplicated chromosome copy
- histoneChromosome-packing protein
nucleosome · locus · arm · banding · karyotype · homologous · sister · constriction · scaffold
karyotype
Organized chromosome display
- cytogeneticsChromosome structure and inheritance science
- bandingAdding decorative strips
- FISHChromosome sequence visualization method
staining · microscopy · spread · preparation · hybridization · probe · mapping · spectral
allele
Gene variant at one locus
- genotypeOrganism's complete allele set
- phenotypeObservable characteristics of organism
- heredityGenetic trait transmission
trait · dominant · recessive · variation · pedigree · heritable · inheritance · mutation · polymorphism · expression
DNA
Hereditary code molecule
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
cytosine · guanine · replication · transcription · polymerase · sequencing · genome · coding · noncoding · codon
mitosis
Nuclear division producing identical cells
- meiosisGamete-producing cell division
- diploidTwo complete chromosome sets
- haploidSingle chromosome complement
somatic · gamete · spindle · segregation · anaphase · metaphase · prophase · telophase · cytokinesis · equational
translocation
Movement to another place
- deletionRemoval of content
- duplicationMaking an identical copy
- inversionReversal of position
mosaicism · syndrome · mutation · aberration · rearrangement · fragile
- hereditygenes, DNA, gene, genetics, genome
- BiotechDNA, bioengineering, genetic testing, gene, DNA sequencing
- cell biologycell membrane, cell division, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
- geneticsDNA, allele, genotype, genes, gene
- Cell Componentsnucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosome
- DNA AnalysisDNA, DNA profiling, DNA testing, DNA sequencing, DNA fingerprinting
- sex chromosomeGene carrier determining gender
- X chromosomeSex-determining genetic element
- Y chromosomeMale sex determinant
- chromosome numberCount of genetic packages
- chromosome doublingFull genome replication event
- chromosomal disorderIllness from atypical cellular genetics
chromosome number, chromosomes, chromosomal, sex chromosomes