nucleotide
Codon's component part
A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA—a molecular unit consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base.
Nucleotides link together in long chains to form the genetic code that stores and transmits biological information.
The sequence of nucleotides determines everything from eye color to disease susceptibility.
Hereditary code molecule
- RNAGene expression molecule
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
- guaninePurine nucleobase in DNA
thymine · uracil · chromosome · gene · genome · heredity · mutation · polymerase
Supporting bottom structure
- sugarCrystalline carbohydrate sweetener
- phosphatePO₄ ion compound
- ribosePentose in nucleotides
- deoxyriboseSugar in genetic helices
nitrogenous · pentose · monomer · polymer · hydroxyl · ring · heterocyclic · aromatic
Cell's energy molecule
- ADPPayroll processing firm
- adenosinePurine nucleoside in cells
- triphosphateThree linked phosphate groups
- diphosphateTwo-phosphate chemical group
mitochondria · bioenergetics · hydrolysis · phosphorylation · kinase · GTP · high-energy · signaling
Nucleic acid synthesis enzyme
- purineTwo-fused-ring nitrogenous base
- pyrimidineHeterocyclic aromatic nitrogen compound
- biosynthesisLiving production of molecules
- thymidineThymine-containing DNA nucleoside
DNA
Hereditary code molecule
guanine · thymine · uracil · chromosome · gene · genome · heredity · mutation · polymerase · replication
base
Supporting bottom structure
deoxyribose · nitrogenous · pentose · monomer · polymer · hydroxyl · ring · heterocyclic · aromatic
ATP
Cell's energy molecule
- ADPPayroll processing firm
- adenosinePurine nucleoside in cells
- triphosphateThree linked phosphate groups
diphosphate · mitochondria · bioenergetics · hydrolysis · phosphorylation · kinase · GTP · high-energy · signaling · NADH
polymerase
Nucleic acid synthesis enzyme
- purineTwo-fused-ring nitrogenous base
- pyrimidineHeterocyclic aromatic nitrogen compound
- biosynthesisLiving production of molecules
thymidine · adenosine · ligase · precursor · enzymatic · anabolism
- Bioinformaticssequence alignment, DNA sequencing, homology, gene expression, gap
- DNA ReplicationDNA replication, replication, DNA polymerase, Okazaki fragments, genome duplication
- chemicalschemicals, compounds, acids, reagents, solutions
- BiomoleculesDNA, protein, RNA, enzyme, mRNA
- BiotechDNA, bioengineering, genetic testing, gene, DNA sequencing
- cell biologycell membrane, cell division, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
nucleotideamino acid
Protein's molecular subunit
monosaccharide · fatty acid · protein · polypeptide · lipid
nucleotidenucleoside
Base-sugar molecular unit
free base · purine · pyrimidine · nucleic acid · phosphate group