metabolism
Body's energy conversion
Metabolism is the set of chemical processes by which a living organism converts food into energy and builds or repairs tissue.
A fast metabolism burns calories quickly; a slow metabolism stores them.
The word extends to any transformative process: the metabolism of a city, the metabolism of ideas.
Metabolic is the adjective: metabolic rate, metabolic disorder.
Customary food consumption
- caloriesMeasures of food energy
- macronutrientsPrimary nutritional building blocks
- micronutrientsVital substances needed minimally
- carbohydratesSugar-based energy compounds
proteins · fats · vitamins · minerals · nutrients · dietary · nourishment · caloric intake
Reaction-speeding proteins
- anabolismMetabolic construction of molecules
- glycolysisGlucose metabolism producing ATP
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- coenzymeEnzyme's nonprotein helper molecule
cofactor · catalyst · amino acids · proteins · carbohydrates · lipids · nucleotides · biosynthesis
Bodily food breakdown
- absorptionProcess of taking in
- enzymesReaction-speeding proteins
- stomachDigestive organ below chest
- intestinesCoiled digestive organs
amylase · lipase · protease · bile · pancreas · liver · gastrointestinal · gastric
Cell's energy-producing organelles
- cytoplasmGel surrounding the nucleus
- organelleSubcellular functional unit
- membraneThin tissue sheet
- cytosolCell's internal aqueous solution
peroxisome · endoplasmic reticulum · ribosome · aerobic · anaerobic · fermentation · ATP · ADP
Gradations of physical vitality
- vigorActive physical strength
- staminaCapacity for sustained effort
- fatigueWeariness from prolonged exertion
- sluggishnessState of slow movement
alertness · vitality · liveliness · lethargy · tiredness
Excess body fat condition
- diabetesMetabolic disorder affecting glucose
- hypothyroidismInsufficient thyroid hormone production
- hyperthyroidismOverproduction of metabolic hormones
- insulin resistanceReduced cellular hormone sensitivity
weight management · cholesterol · blood sugar · hormonal balance · fatty liver · gout · hyperglycemia · prediabetes
Metabolic production of warmth
- calories burnedMetabolic output from activity
- energy expenditurePower used by activity
- calorie deficitIntake below expenditure
- calorie surplusIntake exceeding expenditure
Metabolic construction of molecules
- protein synthesisAssembling amino acid chains
- muscle buildingDeveloping physical strength
- tissue repairBiological wound healing process
- cell divisionParent splitting into offspring
proliferation · hypertrophy · developmental · regeneration · growth hormone · lean mass · recovery
diet
Customary food consumption
- caloriesMeasures of food energy
- macronutrientsPrimary nutritional building blocks
- micronutrientsVital substances needed minimally
carbohydrates · proteins · fats · vitamins · minerals · nutrients · dietary · nourishment · caloric intake · energy balance
enzymes
Reaction-speeding proteins
- anabolismMetabolic construction of molecules
- glycolysisGlucose metabolism producing ATP
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
coenzyme · cofactor · catalyst · amino acids · proteins · carbohydrates · lipids · nucleotides · biosynthesis · pyruvate
digestion
Bodily food breakdown
- absorptionProcess of taking in
- enzymesReaction-speeding proteins
- stomachDigestive organ below chest
intestines · amylase · lipase · protease · bile · pancreas · liver · gastrointestinal · gastric · peristalsis
mitochondria
Cell's energy-producing organelles
cytosol · peroxisome · endoplasmic reticulum · ribosome · aerobic · anaerobic · fermentation · ATP · ADP · cellular energy
energy levels
Gradations of physical vitality
- vigorActive physical strength
- staminaCapacity for sustained effort
- fatigueWeariness from prolonged exertion
sluggishness · alertness · vitality · liveliness · lethargy · tiredness
obesity
Excess body fat condition
- diabetesMetabolic disorder affecting glucose
- hypothyroidismInsufficient thyroid hormone production
- hyperthyroidismOverproduction of metabolic hormones
insulin resistance · weight management · cholesterol · blood sugar · hormonal balance · fatty liver · gout · hyperglycemia · prediabetes
thermogenesis
Metabolic production of warmth
- calories burnedMetabolic output from activity
- energy expenditurePower used by activity
- calorie deficitIntake below expenditure
anabolism
Metabolic construction of molecules
- protein synthesisAssembling amino acid chains
- muscle buildingDeveloping physical strength
- tissue repairBiological wound healing process
cell division · proliferation · hypertrophy · developmental · regeneration · growth hormone · lean mass · recovery
- growthgrowth, grow, growing, growth rate, increase
- Biomedicineanatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, immunology
- nutrition termscalorie, high protein, balance, low-fat, low fat
- dietingcalorie counting, portion control, calorie tracker, calories, carb counting
- survival traitscamouflage, stamina, endurance, resilience, adaptability
- homeostasishomeostasis, negative feedback, feedback loop, feedback loops, positive feedback
metabolismstasis
State of inactivity
catabolism · anabolism · inertness · homeostasis · equilibrium
metabolismdormancy
Suspended biological activity
torpor · hibernation · suspended animation · metabolic depression · aestivation
- slow metabolismInefficient energy conversion rate
- high metabolismAccelerated bodily energy conversion
- metabolic disordersImpaired biochemical processes in cells
- fast metabolismRapid bodily energy processing
- metabolic processesLife-sustaining cellular reactions
- metabolic rateBody's energy consumption pace
metabolic, metabolize, metabolite, metabolisms, metabolized, metabolites, metabolically, metabolising, metabolizing