genotype
Inherited allele set
A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism—the specific combination of alleles inherited from its parents.
The term contrasts with phenotype, which is the observable characteristics that result from those genes interacting with environment: Two plants with identical genotypes may show different phenotypes when grown in different conditions.
In medical contexts, genotyping identifies genetic variants relevant to disease risk or drug response.
Gene variant at one locus
- locusParticular position or place
- dominantHaving superior influence
- recessiveMasked unless paired identically
- homozygousHaving identical alleles
heterozygous · codominance · wild-type · polymorphism · mutation · penetrance · expressivity · linkage
Property received from ancestors
- heritabilityGenetic share of variation
- pedigreeRecord of descent
- ancestryFamily line of descent
- lineageDescent from progenitors
progeny · descendants · transmission · familial · hereditary · parent · offspring · carrier
Permanent DNA alteration
- polymorphismMany forms, one interface
- insertionPlacing something within
- deletionRemoval of content
- genetic driftRandom allele frequency change
gene flow · bottleneck · recombination · microsatellite · variant · mutant
DNA strand carrying genes
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
guanine · base pair · double helix · DNA · RNA · codon · genetic code · sequencing
Distinguishing personal quality
- expressionConveyed thought or feeling
- penetranceGenotype-to-phenotype expression ratio
- expressivityQuality of conveying emotion
- morphologyStudy of structural forms
Differential reproductive success
- adaptationFitting to new conditions
- fitnessGood physical shape
- speciationFormation of distinct species
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
genetic drift · gene flow · selection pressure · common ancestor · divergence · microevolution · macroevolution · evolutionary biology
allele
Gene variant at one locus
- locusParticular position or place
- dominantHaving superior influence
- recessiveMasked unless paired identically
homozygous · heterozygous · codominance · wild-type · polymorphism · mutation · penetrance · expressivity · linkage · recombination
inheritance
Property received from ancestors
- heritabilityGenetic share of variation
- pedigreeRecord of descent
- ancestryFamily line of descent
lineage · progeny · descendants · transmission · familial · hereditary · parent · offspring · carrier · genetic counseling
mutation
Permanent DNA alteration
- polymorphismMany forms, one interface
- insertionPlacing something within
- deletionRemoval of content
genetic drift · gene flow · bottleneck · recombination · microsatellite · variant · mutant
chromosome
DNA strand carrying genes
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
cytosine · guanine · base pair · double helix · DNA · RNA · codon · genetic code · sequencing · polymerase
trait
Distinguishing personal quality
- expressionConveyed thought or feeling
- penetranceGenotype-to-phenotype expression ratio
- expressivityQuality of conveying emotion
morphology · observable · manifestation · character · variation
natural selection
Differential reproductive success
- adaptationFitting to new conditions
- fitnessGood physical shape
- speciationFormation of distinct species
phylogeny · genetic drift · gene flow · selection pressure · common ancestor · divergence · microevolution · macroevolution · evolutionary biology
- biologycells, DNA, cell, biology, gene
- classificationsclassified, hierarchical, class, unclassified, categorical
- evolutionevolution, natural selection, mutation, adaptation, speciation
- reproductionreproduction, birth, baby, egg, sperm
- heredityDNA, gene, chromosomes, genetics, inheritance
- Human Developmentgrowth, heredity, aging, genetics, puberty
genotypephenotype
Observable characteristics of organism
physical traits · morphology · appearance · physiology · behavior
genotypeenvironment
External conditions affecting life
nurture · environmental factors · environmental influence · plasticity · conditioning