noncoding

Lacks protein instructions

Noncoding describes genetic material that doesn't provide instructions for making proteins.

Most DNA is noncoding, once dismissed as "junk DNA" but now understood to serve regulatory and structural functions: noncoding RNA, noncoding regions of the genome.

The term distinguishes these sequences from coding genes that directly specify protein synthesis.

regulation

enhancer

Agent of improvement

silencerSound-dampening gun attachment
promoterOne who organizes events
insulatorSubstance resisting energy flow

chromatin · acetylation · epigenetic · imprinting · repressor · nucleosome

RNA

tRNA

Amino acid transporter molecule

antisenseGene-silencing nucleic acid
regulatoryInvolving official oversight
functionalAble to operate correctly

transcript · biogenesis · processing

DNA

junk

Worthless discarded items

repetitiveMarked by recurrence
satelliteOrbiting celestial body
microsatelliteSmall repetitive genetic marker

spacer · selfish · parasitic · genome · sequence · conserved

splicing

intron

Noncoding gene segment

exonProtein-coding gene segment
pre-mRNAUnspliced gene copy
lariatNoosed catching rope

catalytic · junction

evolution

conserved

Kept from being used up

neutralNot favoring any side
mutationPermanent DNA alteration
phylogeneticOf evolutionary relationships

transposable · co-option

Opposites

genetic function

noncodingcoding

Writing software instructions

exon · translated · messenger RNA · open reading frame · expressed

Family

code, decode, codify, coding, coder, decoded, encoded, decoding, decodes

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