DNA sequencing
Reading genetic code
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides—the chemical building blocks—in a strand of DNA.
The technology has revolutionized biology, medicine, and forensics, enabling everything from identifying genetic diseases to solving crimes to tracing ancestry.
The lab sent the sample out for DNA sequencing.
Organism's total hereditary material
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
guanine · base pairs · double helix · chromosome · polymerase · replication · transcription · genetic code
Property received from ancestors
- pedigreeRecord of descent
- ancestryFamily line of descent
- lineageDescent from progenitors
- family treeChart of ancestors
genetic disorders · alleles · genotype · phenotype · dominant · recessive · Mendelian · genealogy
Atomic-scale aperture
- CRISPRGene-editing molecular machinery
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
- bioinformaticsComputational analysis of genetic data
- genomicsStudy of entire genetic sequences
Treatment based on individual traits
- gene therapyMedical DNA modification treatment
- pharmacogenomicsGene-based drug response study
- forensicsScientific crime-scene analysis
- paternity testingGenetic confirmation of fatherhood
ancestry testing · disease screening · prenatal testing · genetic counseling · drug development · newborn screening
Science of ancestral relationships
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
- common ancestorOrigin point of descendants
- speciationFormation of distinct species
- evolutionary biologyStudy of species change
cladistics · homology · divergence · ancient DNA · mitochondrial DNA · haplogroup · genetic drift · natural selection
Recognizing an organism's type
- endangered speciesOrganisms facing extinction risk
- genetic diversityAllelic variation within populations
- endemic speciesLife found nowhere else
genome
Organism's total hereditary material
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- thymineDNA nitrogen base
cytosine · guanine · base pairs · double helix · chromosome · polymerase · replication · transcription · genetic code · RNA
inheritance
Property received from ancestors
family tree · genetic disorders · alleles · genotype · phenotype · dominant · recessive · Mendelian · genealogy · hereditary conditions
nanopore
Atomic-scale aperture
- CRISPRGene-editing molecular machinery
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
- bioinformaticsComputational analysis of genetic data
genomics · high-throughput · assembly · alignment · coverage
personalized medicine
Treatment based on individual traits
- gene therapyMedical DNA modification treatment
- pharmacogenomicsGene-based drug response study
- forensicsScientific crime-scene analysis
paternity testing · ancestry testing · disease screening · prenatal testing · genetic counseling · drug development · newborn screening
phylogenetics
Science of ancestral relationships
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
- common ancestorOrigin point of descendants
- speciationFormation of distinct species
evolutionary biology · cladistics · homology · divergence · ancient DNA · mitochondrial DNA · haplogroup · genetic drift · natural selection · migration patterns
species identification
Recognizing an organism's type
- endangered speciesOrganisms facing extinction risk
- genetic diversityAllelic variation within populations
- endemic speciesLife found nowhere else
- Precision Medicinegenomics, biomarker, biomarkers, genetic testing, pharmacogenomics
- sciencebiology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, geology
- inventionsprinting press, steam engine, lightbulb, light bulb, microscope
- BiotechDNA, bioengineering, genetic testing, gene, genome
- geneticsDNA, allele, genotype, genes, gene
- DNA AnalysisDNA, DNA profiling, DNA testing, DNA fingerprinting, DNA evidence
DNA sequencingPCR
DNA amplification technique
hybridization · FISH · spectrophotometry · cytogenetics · karyotyping
sequence, sequences, sequenced, sequencing, sequencer, sequencers, deoxyribonucleic acid, nucleic acid, genome sequencing