X chromosome
Sex-determining genetic unit
The X chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in mammals.
Females typically have two X chromosomes, males one X and one Y.
The X chromosome carries genes for many traits beyond sex determination, which is why certain conditions like color blindness and hemophilia—carried on the X—appear more often in males, who lack a second X to compensate.
Offspring-bearing sex
- maleSperm-producing sex
- gameteHaploid reproductive cell
- ovumFemale reproductive cell
- spermMale reproductive cell
XY · fertilization · gonad · sex ratio · Drosophila · dosage compensation
Carried on chromosomes determining gender
- carrierOne that transports
- recessiveMasked unless paired identically
- dominantHaving superior influence
- hemophiliaGenetic clotting impairment
colorblindness · mosaic · pedigree · genetic counseling · trisomy · transmission · hereditary
Hereditary code molecule
- geneHereditary information unit
- alleleGene variant at one locus
- karyotypeOrganized chromosome display
- meiosisGamete-producing cell division
genotype · phenotype · mutation · locus · nucleotide · recombination · transcription · translation
Descent from progenitors
- descentDownward slope or lineage
- bloodlineAncestry through generations
- genealogyStudy of family descent
- parentageFamily line origin
maternal · paternal · ancestry · heredity · inheritance · family tree · mitochondrial · haplogroup
female
Offspring-bearing sex
XY · sperm · fertilization · gonad · sex ratio · Drosophila · dosage compensation
sex-linked
Carried on chromosomes determining gender
- carrierOne that transports
- recessiveMasked unless paired identically
- dominantHaving superior influence
hemophilia · colorblindness · mosaic · pedigree · genetic counseling · trisomy · transmission · hereditary
DNA
Hereditary code molecule
meiosis · genotype · phenotype · mutation · locus · nucleotide · recombination · transcription · translation · genomics
lineage
Descent from progenitors
- descentDownward slope or lineage
- bloodlineAncestry through generations
- genealogyStudy of family descent
parentage · maternal · paternal · ancestry · heredity · inheritance · family tree · mitochondrial · haplogroup · genetic marker
- chromosomeschromosomes, centromere, chromatin, telomerase, telomere
- sex selectiongender selection, sex ratio
- X-linked geneticshemophilia, color blindness, colorblindness, red-green blindness, DMD
- geneticsDNA, allele, genotype, genes, gene
- sex geneticssex chromosomes, sex determination, SRY gene, dosage compensation
- reproductionreproduction, birth, baby, egg, sperm