IPv4
Dotted decimal addresses
IPv4 is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol, the system that assigns numerical addresses to devices on a network.
Each IPv4 address consists of four numbers separated by dots, like 192.168.1.1.
The protocol's limit of roughly 4.3 billion addresses proved insufficient for the modern internet, prompting the development of IPv6 with its vastly larger address space.
Group of precisely eight
- 32-bitComputing word size
- subnetNetwork address range subdivision
- maskFace-worn concealment
- prefixRoot-modifying front element
allocation · assignment · block · range · class · private · public · static
Packet-forwarding network device
Small sealed container
- datagramSelf-contained network message unit
- headerTop line of document
- checksumError-detecting calculated value
- fragmentationBreaking into smaller pieces
TTL · encapsulation · routing · forwarding · hop · TCP · UDP · handshake
octet
Group of precisely eight
prefix · allocation · assignment · block · range · class · private · public · static · dynamic
router
Packet-forwarding network device
NAT · DHCP · DNS · ARP · subnet · LAN · WAN · intranet · topology · traceroute
packet
Small sealed container
- datagramSelf-contained network message unit
- headerTop line of document
- checksumError-detecting calculated value
fragmentation · TTL · encapsulation · routing · forwarding · hop · TCP · UDP · handshake · congestion
ISP
Web access company
modem · connection · online · upstream · downstream · peering · backbone · hotspot · dial-up · DSL