subcellular
Inside a cell
Subcellular refers to structures, processes, or components existing within a cell or smaller than a cell.
The term appears in biology and medicine to describe the microscopic machinery inside cells: subcellular organelles, subcellular localization of proteins.
Subcellular analysis examines what happens at scales below the cellular level.
Cell's energy-producing organelles
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
- endoplasmic reticulumCytoplasmic membrane network for synthesis
- lysosomeDigestive organelle in cells
- peroxisomeEnzyme-filled cellular compartment
nucleus · vacuole · centriole · plastid · vesicle · nucleolus · endosome · centrosome
Instrument magnifying via charged particles
- ultrastructureMicroscopic cellular organization
- nanometerMetric unit, billion-fold smaller
- micrographMicroscope photograph
- magnificationDegree of visual enlargement
resolution · fluorescence · confocal · cytology · specimen · staining · tomography · nanoscale
Internal protein support structure
- microtubuleCylindrical cell structure protein
- membraneThin tissue sheet
- cytosolCell's internal aqueous solution
- matrixOrdered numerical arrangement
cortex · nuclear envelope · tubulin · myosin · chromatin · nucleoplasm
Folded amino chain
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
- lipidWater-insoluble organic compound
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- amino acidProtein's molecular subunit
metabolite · cofactor · peptide · kinase · polymerase · receptor · macromolecule · phospholipid
Hereditary code molecule
- RNAGene expression molecule
- chromosomeDNA strand carrying genes
- geneHereditary information unit
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
base pair · replication · transcription · translation · mutation · chromatin · histone · codon
Phosphate group attachment process
- receptorSignal-receiving molecule
- pathwayDesignated route for travel
- cascadeSuccessive downward flow
- calciumElement twenty, builds bones
kinase · phosphatase · ATP · GTP · feedback · activation · inhibition · downstream
mitochondria
Cell's energy-producing organelles
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
- endoplasmic reticulumCytoplasmic membrane network for synthesis
- lysosomeDigestive organelle in cells
peroxisome · nucleus · vacuole · centriole · plastid · vesicle · nucleolus · endosome · centrosome
electron microscope
Instrument magnifying via charged particles
- ultrastructureMicroscopic cellular organization
- nanometerMetric unit, billion-fold smaller
- micrographMicroscope photograph
magnification · resolution · fluorescence · confocal · cytology · specimen · staining · tomography · nanoscale · angstrom
cytoskeleton
Internal protein support structure
- microtubuleCylindrical cell structure protein
- membraneThin tissue sheet
- cytosolCell's internal aqueous solution
matrix · cortex · nuclear envelope · tubulin · myosin · chromatin · nucleoplasm
protein
Folded amino chain
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
- lipidWater-insoluble organic compound
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
amino acid · metabolite · cofactor · peptide · kinase · polymerase · receptor · macromolecule · phospholipid · carbohydrate
DNA
Hereditary code molecule
- RNAGene expression molecule
- chromosomeDNA strand carrying genes
- geneHereditary information unit
nucleotide · base pair · replication · transcription · translation · mutation · chromatin · histone · codon · mRNA
phosphorylation
Phosphate group attachment process
calcium · kinase · phosphatase · ATP · GTP · feedback · activation · inhibition · downstream · upstream
subcellularorganismal
Of living beings
multicellular · organismic · cellular · systemic · macroscopic
cell, cellular, cytoplasm, unicellular, organelle, multicellular, chloroplast, intracellular, extracellular