organelle
Intracellular functional structure
An organelle is a specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function—the cellular equivalent of an organ in a body.
Mitochondria, ribosomes, and the nucleus are organelles.
The mitochondrion is the organelle responsible for energy production.
The term appears almost exclusively in biology.
Cell's energy molecule
- photosynthesisLight-to-sugar conversion in plants
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- cristaeMitochondrial membrane infoldings
- matrixOrdered numerical arrangement
Cell's energy-producing organelles
- nucleusCentral controlling part
- ribosomesCellular translation machinery
- lysosomesOrganelles containing breakdown enzymes
- peroxisomesOrganelles for detoxification
endoplasmic reticulum · chloroplasts · vacuoles · vesicles · centrioles · plastids · nucleolus · cytoskeleton
Microscopic cellular organization
- lumenLight output measure
- matrixOrdered numerical arrangement
- compartmentEnclosed subdivision of space
- subcompartmentEnclosed area within another
envelope · cristae · stroma · tubules · lamellae · inclusions · electron microscopy · morphology
Ability to transmit fluids
- fluidityState of flowing freely
- lipidWater-insoluble organic compound
- selectivityTendency to choose carefully
- transporterOne who conveys cargo
receptor · diffusion · osmosis · endocytosis · exocytosis · glycoprotein · membrane-bound · endomembrane system
Cellular translation machinery
- protein synthesisAssembling amino acid chains
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
- translationConverting between languages
- polypeptidesBonded amino acid sequences
mRNA · tRNA · amino acids · secretory pathway · protein folding
Creation or arrangement
- assemblyConstructing from components
- divisionSplitting into parts
- fissionNuclear breakup releasing energy
- fusionJoining into unity
maturation · autophagy · inheritance · replication · proliferation · differentiation · self-replicating · semi-autonomous
ATP
Cell's energy molecule
- photosynthesisLight-to-sugar conversion in plants
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- cristaeMitochondrial membrane infoldings
matrix · stroma · powerhouse · metabolic · bioenergetics
mitochondria
Cell's energy-producing organelles
- nucleusCentral controlling part
- ribosomesCellular translation machinery
- lysosomesOrganelles containing breakdown enzymes
peroxisomes · endoplasmic reticulum · chloroplasts · vacuoles · vesicles · centrioles · plastids · nucleolus · cytoskeleton · microtubules
ultrastructure
Microscopic cellular organization
- lumenLight output measure
- matrixOrdered numerical arrangement
- compartmentEnclosed subdivision of space
subcompartment · envelope · cristae · stroma · tubules · lamellae · inclusions · electron microscopy · morphology
permeability
Ability to transmit fluids
- fluidityState of flowing freely
- lipidWater-insoluble organic compound
- selectivityTendency to choose carefully
transporter · receptor · diffusion · osmosis · endocytosis · exocytosis · glycoprotein · membrane-bound · endomembrane system · outer membrane
ribosomes
Cellular translation machinery
- protein synthesisAssembling amino acid chains
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
- translationConverting between languages
polypeptides · mRNA · tRNA · amino acids · secretory pathway · protein folding
formation
Creation or arrangement
- assemblyConstructing from components
- divisionSplitting into parts
- fissionNuclear breakup releasing energy
fusion · maturation · autophagy · inheritance · replication · proliferation · differentiation · self-replicating · semi-autonomous · origin
- biologycells, DNA, cell, biology, gene
- Cell stuffcell phone, smartphone, mobile network, cell tower, SIM card
- biological organizationcell, tissue, population, species, ecosystem
- cell biologycell membrane, cell division, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
- biostructurescell membrane, cell wall, cytoskeleton, mitochondria, nucleus
- cell partsnucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes, cell membrane