kinase
ATP phosphate transferrer
A kinase is an enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy molecules like ATP to other molecules—a process called phosphorylation.
Kinases regulate nearly every cellular process, from metabolism to cell division.
They're central to biochemistry and pharmacology; many cancer drugs work by inhibiting specific kinases that drive tumor growth.
Phosphate group attachment process
- ATPCell's energy molecule
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- catalysisAccelerating reactions without consumption
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
active site · phosphatase · cofactor · magnesium · nucleotide · Michaelis-Menten · turnover
Successive downward flow
- pathwayDesignated route for travel
- receptorSignal-receiving molecule
- downstreamAlong the current's path
- upstreamToward a river's origin
amplification · crosstalk · feedback · regulation · growth factor · cytokine
Agent that slows reactions
- oncologyCancer medicine specialty
- resistanceCapacity to withstand force
- selectivityTendency to choose carefully
- off-targetMissing the intended mark
clinical trial · cancer therapy · targeted therapy · precision medicine · biomarker · mutation · efficacy · toxicity
Area of control
- foldBend onto itself
- lobeRounded projecting part
- gatekeeperOne controlling entry
- crystal structureOrdered atomic arrangement in solids
phosphorylation
Phosphate group attachment process
- ATPCell's energy molecule
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- catalysisAccelerating reactions without consumption
enzyme · active site · phosphatase · cofactor · magnesium · nucleotide · Michaelis-Menten · turnover
cascade
Successive downward flow
- pathwayDesignated route for travel
- receptorSignal-receiving molecule
- downstreamAlong the current's path
upstream · amplification · crosstalk · feedback · regulation · growth factor · cytokine
inhibitor
Agent that slows reactions
- oncologyCancer medicine specialty
- resistanceCapacity to withstand force
- selectivityTendency to choose carefully
off-target · clinical trial · cancer therapy · targeted therapy · precision medicine · biomarker · mutation · efficacy · toxicity
domain
Area of control
- foldBend onto itself
- lobeRounded projecting part
- gatekeeperOne controlling entry
Aurora
Name from Latin dawn