RNA
Protein synthesis template
RNA is a molecule that carries genetic information and performs essential functions in living cells.
Unlike DNA's double helix, RNA is typically single-stranded.
Messenger RNA carries instructions from DNA to make proteins; other forms regulate gene expression or perform structural roles.
The vaccine uses mRNA to trigger an immune response.
Hereditary information unit
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- geneticsScience of hereditary transmission
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
- replicationAct of duplicating precisely
heredity · mutation · chromosome · nucleotide · sequence · coding · noncoding · regulatory
Genetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- guaninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
- uracilRNA pyrimidine nucleobase
ribose · phosphate · nucleoside · biomolecule · macromolecule · single-stranded · double-stranded · hairpin
One who delivers communications
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
- codonBase triplet encoding amino
- anticodontRNA's matching triplet
- tRNAAmino acid transporter molecule
polypeptide · peptide · ribosomal · elongation · initiation · termination
RNA virus copying into DNA
- HIVAIDS-causing retrovirus
- coronavirusSpike-ringed viral family
- influenzaAcute viral respiratory infection
- replicationAct of duplicating precisely
capsid · virion · reassortment · zoonosis · pandemic · epidemic · pathogen · infection
Nucleic acid synthesis enzyme
- promoterOne who organizes events
- templatePreset pattern for reproduction
- strandThin fiber piece
- initiationFormal admission ceremony
elongation · termination · splicing · exon · intron · transcriptase · regulation · enhancer
Life from inanimate matter
- prebioticNutrient for gut bacteria
- self-replicationAutonomous copying of oneself
- catalysisAccelerating reactions without consumption
- evolutionSpecies changing over generations
primitive · ancient · primordial · astrobiology · hydrothermal
Gene-editing molecular machinery
- knockdownBlow causing a fall
- antisenseGene-silencing nucleic acid
- therapeuticsStudy of healing interventions
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
gene
Hereditary information unit
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- geneticsScience of hereditary transmission
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
replication · heredity · mutation · chromosome · nucleotide · sequence · coding · noncoding · regulatory · epigenetics
nucleotide
Genetic code subunit
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- guaninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
uracil · ribose · phosphate · nucleoside · biomolecule · macromolecule · single-stranded · double-stranded · hairpin · folding
messenger
One who delivers communications
tRNA · polypeptide · peptide · ribosomal · elongation · initiation · termination
retrovirus
RNA virus copying into DNA
- HIVAIDS-causing retrovirus
- coronavirusSpike-ringed viral family
- influenzaAcute viral respiratory infection
replication · capsid · virion · reassortment · zoonosis · pandemic · epidemic · pathogen · infection · host
polymerase
Nucleic acid synthesis enzyme
initiation · elongation · termination · splicing · exon · intron · transcriptase · regulation · enhancer · silencer
abiogenesis
Life from inanimate matter
- prebioticNutrient for gut bacteria
- self-replicationAutonomous copying of oneself
- catalysisAccelerating reactions without consumption
evolution · primitive · ancient · primordial · astrobiology · hydrothermal
CRISPR
Gene-editing molecular machinery
- knockdownBlow causing a fall
- antisenseGene-silencing nucleic acid
- therapeuticsStudy of healing interventions
tRNA
Amino acid transporter molecule
- antisenseGene-silencing nucleic acid
- abbreviationsMr, Mrs, Ms, Dr, Jr
- codespassword, binary, DNA, QR code, bar code
- Biochemicalsamino acid, amino acids, protein, proteins, DNA
- BiomoleculesDNA, protein, enzyme, lipid, tRNA
- BiotechDNA, bioengineering, genetic testing, gene, DNA sequencing
- cell biologycell membrane, cell division, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
RNADNA
Hereditary code molecule
deoxyribonucleic acid · nuclear DNA · double helix · mitochondrial DNA
RNADNA
Hereditary code molecule
protein · polypeptide · gene · genome · chromosome
- messenger RNAGene-to-ribosome information carrier
- RNA virusPathogen using ribonucleic acid
- negative-sense RNAGenome requiring complementary copy first
- viral RNANucleic acid from viruses
- transfer RNAAmino acid delivery molecule