proof
Truth's hard evidence
Proof is evidence or argument that establishes something as true or valid.
In law, proof must meet standards like "beyond a reasonable doubt." Mathematical proof demonstrates a proposition through logical steps.
A proof is also a test version—a printer's proof shows how a document will look before final production.
Proof as an adjective means resistant: waterproof, bulletproof, childproof.
For alcohol, proof indicates strength—in the US, proof is twice the percentage of alcohol by volume, so 80-proof whiskey is 40% alcohol.
The burden of proof lies with the prosecution.
Proof of truth
- corroborationEvidence confirming another account
- verificationProving something accurate
- validationConfirming truth or accuracy
- documentationWritten proof or instructions
demonstration · exhibit · indication · confirmation · burden · evidence · artifact · forensic
Identity document abbreviation
- passportGovernment-issued travel credential
- licenseFormal grant of permission
- identificationEstablishing who someone is
- certificateFormal written attestation
documentation · verification · authentication · authorization · accreditation · validation · endorsement · badge
Demonstrated logical conclusion
- QEDProof-concluding abbreviation
- lemmaBase form, or helper theorem
- axiomSelf-evident starting principle
- derivationSource or origin tracing
demonstration · deduction · corollary · conjecture · proposition · induction · rigorous · formal
Sworn statement as evidence
- witnessOne who attests
- swornBound by formal promise
- oathFormal binding promise
- burdenOppressive weight or duty
evidence · corroborate · admissible · courtroom · verdict · deposition · affidavit · testify
Impossible to contradict
- incontrovertibleImpossible to deny
- irrefutableImpossible to disprove
- indisputableImpossible to contest
- conclusiveEnding all debate
definitive · airtight · unquestionable · ironclad · foolproof · infallible · watertight · rock-solid
Fermenting fungus
- doughFlour-liquid mixture for baking
- riseMove to higher position
- fermentationMicrobial sugar conversion
- sourdoughWild-yeast bread starter
knead · bulk · retardation · overproof · underproof · temperature · bench · final
substantiation
Proof of truth
- corroborationEvidence confirming another account
- verificationProving something accurate
- validationConfirming truth or accuracy
documentation · demonstration · exhibit · indication · confirmation · burden · evidence · artifact · forensic · circumstantial
ID
Identity document abbreviation
- passportGovernment-issued travel credential
- licenseFormal grant of permission
- identificationEstablishing who someone is
certificate · documentation · verification · authentication · authorization · accreditation · validation · endorsement · badge · clearance
theorem
Demonstrated logical conclusion
- QEDProof-concluding abbreviation
- lemmaBase form, or helper theorem
- axiomSelf-evident starting principle
derivation · demonstration · deduction · corollary · conjecture · proposition · induction · rigorous · formal · logical
testimony
Sworn statement as evidence
burden · evidence · corroborate · admissible · courtroom · verdict · deposition · affidavit · testify · prosecution
undeniable
Impossible to contradict
- incontrovertibleImpossible to deny
- irrefutableImpossible to disprove
- indisputableImpossible to contest
conclusive · definitive · airtight · unquestionable · ironclad · foolproof · infallible · watertight · rock-solid · unassailable
yeast
Fermenting fungus
- doughFlour-liquid mixture for baking
- riseMove to higher position
- fermentationMicrobial sugar conversion
sourdough · knead · bulk · retardation · overproof · underproof · temperature · bench · final · activate
distillation
Purification via vaporization
- spiritsLiquor or apparitions
- overproofAlcohol exceeding standard strength
- ethanolDrinkable volatile spirit
vodka · whiskey · rum · gin · bourbon · tequila · brandy · liqueur · moonshine · cask
galley
Onboard food preparation area
impression · page · prepress · printer · revision · correction · color · pull · digital · hard
- "OO" wordsmoon, food, soon, room, cool
- evidenceevidence, evidence bag, circumstantial evidence, admissible, findings
- reasoningreasoning, reason, logic, inference, deductive
- requirementsrequirement, requirements, prerequisite, requisite, requisites
- verificationverification, validation, authentication, certification, confirmation
- certaintiesfact, truth, certainty, guarantee, absolute
proofconjecture
Guess from limited facts
speculation · hypothesis · theory · guess · suspicion
proofdisproof
Evidence showing falsehood
refutation · rebuttal · confutation · counterevidence · contradiction
proofpermeable
Allowing substances through
porous · untreated · unprotected · pervious · penetrable
- prove itChallenge to substantiate
- proof of conceptDemonstration of feasibility
- living proofHuman evidence of something
- on probationServing trial period
- prove oneselfDemonstrate one's abilities
- future proofResistant to obsolescence
prove, probe, proven, proved, proving, waterproof, disprove, probity, unproven