methylation
Gene-silencing chemical tag
Methylation is the addition of a methyl group (a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms) to a molecule.
In biochemistry, DNA methylation regulates gene expression by attaching methyl groups to specific sites on DNA, often silencing genes: Abnormal methylation patterns are associated with certain cancers.
The process occurs throughout biology and chemistry wherever methyl groups are transferred to substrates.
Rapid early learning attachment
- chromatinNuclear protein-wrapped genetic material
- histoneChromosome-packing protein
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
- inheritanceProperty received from ancestors
DNMT · 5-methylcytosine · developmental · environmental · reprogramming · transgenerational · plasticity · bivalent
Methyl group donor cosubstrate
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- cofactorEnzyme-activating compound
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
- catalystAgent enabling change
transferase · homocysteine · adenosine · reaction · pathway · metabolism · donor · acceptor
Pyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
- promoterOne who organizes events
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- maintenancePreserving working condition
bisulfite · sequencing · global · site-specific · palindromic
Essential amino acid
- arginineProtein-building amino compound
- nucleosomeHistone-DNA complex
- tailRear animal appendage
- markVisible impression or sign
Uncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- oncogeneTumor-inducing genetic element
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
- biomarkerMeasurable biological health signal
- leukemiaMalignancy of blood-forming tissues
colorectal · diagnostic · prognostic · therapeutic · MGMT · BRCA1
imprinting
Rapid early learning attachment
- chromatinNuclear protein-wrapped genetic material
- histoneChromosome-packing protein
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
inheritance · DNMT · 5-methylcytosine · developmental · environmental · reprogramming · transgenerational · plasticity · bivalent
S-adenosylmethionine
Methyl group donor cosubstrate
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- cofactorEnzyme-activating compound
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
catalyst · transferase · homocysteine · adenosine · reaction · pathway · metabolism · donor · acceptor · folate
cytosine
Pyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
- promoterOne who organizes events
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
maintenance · bisulfite · sequencing · global · site-specific · palindromic
lysine
Essential amino acid
- arginineProtein-building amino compound
- nucleosomeHistone-DNA complex
- tailRear animal appendage
cancer
Uncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- oncogeneTumor-inducing genetic element
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
- biomarkerMeasurable biological health signal
leukemia · colorectal · diagnostic · prognostic · therapeutic · MGMT · BRCA1
tRNA
Amino acid transporter molecule
modification · reader · writer · eraser · stability · translation · splicing
- Gene Expressiongene expression, gene regulation, enhancers, silencer, operator
- agingaging process, aging body, biological age, aging workforce, aging parents
- cell biologycell membrane, cell division, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
- chemical reactionscondensation, combustion, oxidation, hydrolysis, oxidation-reduction
- Biochemical Modificationsphosphorylation, acetylation, sulfation, nitration, sulfonation
- biochemistryenzymes, proteins, biochemistry, protein, enzyme