5-methylcytosine
Modified DNA base
5-methylcytosine is a modified form of the DNA base cytosine, with a methyl group attached at the 5-carbon position.
It functions as an epigenetic marker—when present in gene regulatory regions, it typically silences gene expression without altering the underlying genetic code.
Often called the "fifth base" of DNA, it plays crucial roles in development, cellular differentiation, and disease processes including cancer.
DNA methylation enzyme
- S-adenosylmethionineMethyl group donor cosubstrate
- pyrimidineHeterocyclic aromatic nitrogen compound
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- molecular structureArrangement of atoms in compound
base pairing · guanine · deamination · thymine · mutagenesis
Uncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- tumor suppressorGene preventing uncontrolled growth
- biomarkerMeasurable biological health signal
- carcinogenesisMalignant transformation process
- leukemiaMalignancy of blood-forming tissues
colorectal cancer · neurological disorder · aging · mutation · diagnosis · prognosis · disease progression
Rapid early learning attachment
- gene expressionDNA to functional product
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
Measures ionic weight ratios
- antibodyProtein targeting foreign substances
- quantificationExpressing something numerically
- bioinformaticsComputational analysis of genetic data
- single-cellHaving one cell only
DNMT
DNA methylation enzyme
- S-adenosylmethionineMethyl group donor cosubstrate
- pyrimidineHeterocyclic aromatic nitrogen compound
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
molecular structure · base pairing · guanine · deamination · thymine · mutagenesis
cancer
Uncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- tumor suppressorGene preventing uncontrolled growth
- biomarkerMeasurable biological health signal
- carcinogenesisMalignant transformation process
leukemia · colorectal cancer · neurological disorder · aging · mutation · diagnosis · prognosis · disease progression
imprinting
Rapid early learning attachment
- gene expressionDNA to functional product
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
mass spectrometry
Measures ionic weight ratios
- antibodyProtein targeting foreign substances
- quantificationExpressing something numerically
- bioinformaticsComputational analysis of genetic data
- Epigeneticsepigenetics, histone, nucleosome, acetylation, chromatin
- MethylationDNMT, CpG islands, S-adenosylmethionine
- DNA Modificationsdeamination, alkylation
- nucleotide modificationsdeamination, alkylation
- nucleoside analogsacyclovir, AZT, valacyclovir, 5-fluorouracil, remdesivir