acetylation
Attaching acetyl groups
Acetylation is a chemical reaction that adds an acetyl group to a molecule.
In biochemistry, acetylation of proteins—especially histones—regulates gene expression and cellular function.
The process affects how tightly DNA wraps around proteins, influencing which genes can be read: Histone acetylation generally promotes gene transcription.
Chromosome-packing protein
- lysineEssential amino acid
- chromatinNuclear protein-wrapped genetic material
- epigeneticsHeritable expression changes, sequence intact
- modificationAct of altering something
nucleosome · methylation · phosphorylation · HDAC · HAT · N-terminal · tail · residue
Electron-pair donating species
- esterificationForming esters chemically
- amideCarbonyl-nitrogen functional group
- hydroxyl-OH functional group
- amineAmmonia-derived organic compound
mechanism · substrate · product · catalyst · reaction · aspirin
Written version of speech
- gene expressionDNA to functional product
- activationSetting into operation
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
- promoterOne who organizes events
enhancer · repressor · regulatory · modulation · signaling · cellular · metabolic · switch
Uncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- oncologyCancer medicine specialty
- clinical trialsControlled health research experiments
- pharmacologyStudy of drug actions
- antitumorOpposing malignant growth
leukemia · lymphoma · neurodegeneration · inflammation · drug development · precision medicine
histone
Chromosome-packing protein
- lysineEssential amino acid
- chromatinNuclear protein-wrapped genetic material
- epigeneticsHeritable expression changes, sequence intact
modification · nucleosome · methylation · phosphorylation · HDAC · HAT · N-terminal · tail · residue · covalent
nucleophile
Electron-pair donating species
- esterificationForming esters chemically
- amideCarbonyl-nitrogen functional group
- hydroxyl-OH functional group
amine · mechanism · substrate · product · catalyst · reaction · aspirin
transcription
Written version of speech
- gene expressionDNA to functional product
- activationSetting into operation
- silencingStopping noise or dissent
promoter · enhancer · repressor · regulatory · modulation · signaling · cellular · metabolic · switch
cancer
Uncontrolled cell proliferation disease
- oncologyCancer medicine specialty
- clinical trialsControlled health research experiments
- pharmacologyStudy of drug actions
antitumor · leukemia · lymphoma · neurodegeneration · inflammation · drug development · precision medicine