biomarker
Health measurement molecule
A biomarker is a measurable biological indicator—a substance, structure, or process in the body that signals normal function, disease, or response to treatment.
Blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and tumor proteins are all biomarkers.
Doctors use them to diagnose conditions, track disease progression, and evaluate whether treatments are working: The biomarker showed the cancer responding to chemotherapy.
Evaluative selection process
- prognosisPredicted disease course
- clinicalEmotionally detached, medically precise
- diagnosisIdentification of illness
- pathologyStudy of disease processes
biopsy · imaging · differential · staging · monitoring · predictive · prognostic · sensitivity
Folded amino chain
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
- metaboliteSubstance from cellular processes
- antibodyProtein targeting foreign substances
- receptorSignal-receiving molecule
lipid · carbohydrate · peptide · cytokine · hormone · antigen · nucleotide · RNA
Compositional evaluation procedure
- spectrometryMeasuring radiation to identify substances
- chromatographyTechnique separating mixtures by differential migration
- fluorescenceLight emitted after absorption
- microarrayGene expression detection tool
electrophoresis · quantification · sensitivity · specificity · validation · high-throughput · nanoparticle · analyte
Muscle regulatory protein complex
- PSAFree civic advertisement
- HbA1cGlucose-bound red cell protein
- creatinineMuscular metabolism waste compound
- cholesterolWaxy lipid in blood
glucose · hemoglobin · albumin · bilirubin · ferritin · cortisol · BNP · D-dimer
Permanent DNA alteration
- polymorphismMany forms, one interface
- alleleGene variant at one locus
- genotypeOrganism's complete allele set
- genomeOrganism's total hereditary material
chromosome · haplotype · variant · sequence · germline · somatic · epigenetic · microsatellite
Stopping something before occurring
- wellnessOverall state of health
- agingGrowing older over time
- inflammationProtective tissue response
- cardiovascularOf heart and blood vessels
diabetes · obesity · metabolism · lifestyle · nutrition · longevity · baseline · intervention
screening
Evaluative selection process
- prognosisPredicted disease course
- clinicalEmotionally detached, medically precise
- diagnosisIdentification of illness
pathology · biopsy · imaging · differential · staging · monitoring · predictive · prognostic · sensitivity · specificity
protein
Folded amino chain
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
- metaboliteSubstance from cellular processes
- antibodyProtein targeting foreign substances
receptor · lipid · carbohydrate · peptide · cytokine · hormone · antigen · nucleotide · RNA · DNA
assay
Compositional evaluation procedure
- spectrometryMeasuring radiation to identify substances
- chromatographyTechnique separating mixtures by differential migration
- fluorescenceLight emitted after absorption
microarray · electrophoresis · quantification · sensitivity · specificity · validation · high-throughput · nanoparticle · analyte · readout
troponin
Muscle regulatory protein complex
- PSAFree civic advertisement
- HbA1cGlucose-bound red cell protein
- creatinineMuscular metabolism waste compound
cholesterol · glucose · hemoglobin · albumin · bilirubin · ferritin · cortisol · BNP · D-dimer · interleukin
mutation
Permanent DNA alteration
- polymorphismMany forms, one interface
- alleleGene variant at one locus
- genotypeOrganism's complete allele set
genome · chromosome · haplotype · variant · sequence · germline · somatic · epigenetic · microsatellite · translocation
prevention
Stopping something before occurring
- wellnessOverall state of health
- agingGrowing older over time
- inflammationProtective tissue response
cardiovascular · diabetes · obesity · metabolism · lifestyle · nutrition · longevity · baseline · intervention · wearable
- bio-biodegradable, biofuel, biochemistry, biotech, biotechnology
- BiotechDNA, bioengineering, genetic testing, gene, DNA sequencing
- Lab Valuesglucose, creatinine, hemoglobin, hematocrit, BUN
- clinical trialsclinical trial, placebo, double-blind, control group, double blind
- Bioanalysisassay, assays, analyte, mass spectrometry, chromatography
- Biosensorsglucose monitor, biochip, test strip, lab-on-a-chip, microarray
biomarkersymptom
Indicator of disease
anecdotal evidence · patient history · feeling · sensation · lived experience