ribose
Five-carbon monosaccharide
Ribose is a simple sugar with five carbon atoms, fundamental to the chemistry of life.
It forms the backbone of RNA (ribonucleic acid), which carries genetic information.
A modified form, deoxyribose, performs the same function in DNA.
Ribose also appears in ATP, the molecule cells use for energy transfer.
Simplest carbohydrate form
- carbohydrateSugar or starch compound
- xylosePentose from plant fiber
- saccharideCarbohydrate unit
- pentoseFive-carbon monosaccharide
glucose · fructose · galactose · reducing sugar · isomer · stereoisomer
Genetic code subunit
- nucleosideBase-sugar molecular unit
- RNAGene expression molecule
- adenosinePurine nucleoside in cells
- phosphatePO₄ ion compound
backbone · pentose · pyrimidine · purine · nucleic acid · base · hydroxyl
Written version of speech
- mRNAGene's working copy
- tRNAAmino acid transporter molecule
- codonBase triplet encoding amino
- polymeraseNucleic acid synthesis enzyme
gene expression · translation · splicing · genetic code · protein synthesis · primer · template
Cell's energy molecule
- metabolismCellular nutrient conversion
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- phosphorylationPhosphate group attachment process
- ADPPayroll processing firm
AMP · FAD · coenzyme · mitochondria · glycolysis · bioenergetics · NADH
Product boosting alertness
- athletic performancePhysical skill in sports
- muscle recoveryTissue rebuilding after strain
- heart healthCardiovascular system condition
- chronic fatigueLasting state of tiredness
monosaccharide
Simplest carbohydrate form
- carbohydrateSugar or starch compound
- xylosePentose from plant fiber
- saccharideCarbohydrate unit
pentose · glucose · fructose · galactose · reducing sugar · isomer · stereoisomer
nucleotide
Genetic code subunit
- nucleosideBase-sugar molecular unit
- RNAGene expression molecule
- adenosinePurine nucleoside in cells
phosphate · backbone · pentose · pyrimidine · purine · nucleic acid · base · hydroxyl
transcription
Written version of speech
polymerase · gene expression · translation · splicing · genetic code · protein synthesis · primer · template
ATP
Cell's energy molecule
- metabolismCellular nutrient conversion
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- phosphorylationPhosphate group attachment process
ADP · AMP · FAD · coenzyme · mitochondria · glycolysis · bioenergetics · NADH
energy supplement
Product boosting alertness
- athletic performancePhysical skill in sports
- muscle recoveryTissue rebuilding after strain
- heart healthCardiovascular system condition
chronic fatigue · fibromyalgia · sports nutrition · powder · dosage