nitration
Introducing nitro groups
Nitration is a chemical reaction that introduces a nitro group (NO₂) into a molecule, typically an organic compound.
The process usually involves treating a substance with nitric acid, often mixed with sulfuric acid: The nitration of benzene produces nitrobenzene.
Nitration is fundamental in manufacturing explosives, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.
Powerful blasting compound
- trinitrotolueneNitrated toluene derivative
- dynamitePowerful blasting compound
- corditeSmokeless firearm propellant
- C-4Malleable military explosive
gunpowder · plastic explosive · detonator · propellant · munitions · blasting cap · primer · high explosive
Aromatic hydrocarbon solvent
- tolueneAromatic solvent from petroleum
- phenolAromatic hydroxyl compound
- orthoRight-angled prefix
- metaSelf-aware or transcendent
para · activation · deactivation · resonance
Releasing energy as heat
- oxidizerElectron-accepting reactant
- corrosiveDestroys by chemical action
- toxic fumesHarmful airborne vapors
- nitrogen dioxideToxic atmospheric contaminant from combustion
ventilation · protective equipment · acid burns · explosion risk · cooling system · emergency shutdown · neutralization
Controlled fission apparatus
- batch processExecute grouped tasks sequentially
- sulfuric acidCorrosive H₂SO₄ compound
- chemical plantFactory producing synthetic substances
- effluentDischarged liquid waste
waste treatment · scale-up · temperature control · agitation · purification · quality control
TNT
Powerful blasting compound
- trinitrotolueneNitrated toluene derivative
- dynamitePowerful blasting compound
- corditeSmokeless firearm propellant
C-4 · gunpowder · plastic explosive · detonator · propellant · munitions · blasting cap · primer · high explosive
benzene
Aromatic hydrocarbon solvent
meta · para · activation · deactivation · resonance
exothermic
Releasing energy as heat
- oxidizerElectron-accepting reactant
- corrosiveDestroys by chemical action
- toxic fumesHarmful airborne vapors
nitrogen dioxide · ventilation · protective equipment · acid burns · explosion risk · cooling system · emergency shutdown · neutralization
reactor
Controlled fission apparatus
- batch processExecute grouped tasks sequentially
- sulfuric acidCorrosive H₂SO₄ compound
- chemical plantFactory producing synthetic substances
effluent · waste treatment · scale-up · temperature control · agitation · purification · quality control
- Biochemical Modificationsphosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, sulfation, sulfonation
- derivatizationacetylation, methylation, esterification, alkylation, phosphorylation
- Substitution ReactionsSN1, SN2, SN2 reaction, Friedel-Crafts, sulfonation
- aromaticsperfume, incense, cologne, essential oils, essential oil
- C-H activationalkylation, amination, fluorination, chlorination, bromination
- Explosivesbomb, dynamite, grenade, TNT, C-4
nitrationreduction
Making something smaller
hydrogenation · denitrification · deoxidation · hydrolysis · reductive amination
nitroglycerin, nitrate, nitro, nitrous, nitrite, nitrates, nitric, nitrocellulose, denitrification