biochemical
Living chemistry-related
Biochemical describes chemical processes and substances occurring within living organisms: biochemical reactions, biochemical pathways.
The term bridges biology and chemistry, covering everything from enzyme activity to cellular metabolism.
As a noun, a biochemical is any chemical compound produced by or involved in biological processes: The brain releases biochemicals that affect mood.
Folded amino chain
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
- amino acidProtein's molecular subunit
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- lipidWater-insoluble organic compound
carbohydrate · peptide · hormone · neurotransmitter · coenzyme · fatty acid · steroid · glycoprotein
Cellular nutrient conversion
- glycolysisGlucose metabolism producing ATP
- photosynthesisLight-to-sugar conversion in plants
- respirationGas exchange in organisms
- fermentationMicrobial sugar conversion
catabolism · anabolism · biosynthesis · gene expression · transcription · translation · replication · apoptosis
Hereditary code molecule
- RNAGene expression molecule
- geneHereditary information unit
- chromosomeDNA strand carrying genes
- mutationPermanent DNA alteration
allele · genotype · phenotype · heredity · genetic code · base pair · helix · polymerase
Cell's energy-producing organelles
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
- cell membraneOuter layer of cytoplasm
- organelleSubcellular functional unit
- cytoplasmGel surrounding the nucleus
receptor · vesicle · nucleus · endoplasmic reticulum · lysosome · mitosis · meiosis · cell division
Signal-receiving molecule
- agonistReceptor-binding trigger molecule
- antagonistOne who opposes another
- inhibitorAgent that slows reactions
- bioavailabilityFraction reaching active circulation
pharmacokinetics · drug interaction · dose-response · half-life · toxicology · potency · efficacy · biomarker
protein
Folded amino chain
- enzymeProtein that hastens reactions
- amino acidProtein's molecular subunit
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
lipid · carbohydrate · peptide · hormone · neurotransmitter · coenzyme · fatty acid · steroid · glycoprotein · polysaccharide
metabolism
Cellular nutrient conversion
- glycolysisGlucose metabolism producing ATP
- photosynthesisLight-to-sugar conversion in plants
- respirationGas exchange in organisms
fermentation · catabolism · anabolism · biosynthesis · gene expression · transcription · translation · replication · apoptosis · homeostasis
DNA
Hereditary code molecule
- RNAGene expression molecule
- geneHereditary information unit
- chromosomeDNA strand carrying genes
mutation · allele · genotype · phenotype · heredity · genetic code · base pair · helix · polymerase · nucleic acid
mitochondria
Cell's energy-producing organelles
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
- cell membraneOuter layer of cytoplasm
- organelleSubcellular functional unit
cytoplasm · receptor · vesicle · nucleus · endoplasmic reticulum · lysosome · mitosis · meiosis · cell division · cellular respiration
receptor
Signal-receiving molecule
- agonistReceptor-binding trigger molecule
- antagonistOne who opposes another
- inhibitorAgent that slows reactions
bioavailability · pharmacokinetics · drug interaction · dose-response · half-life · toxicology · potency · efficacy · biomarker
biochemicalinorganic
Not from living matter
abiotic · geochemical · mineral · mineralogical · petrochemical
biochemicalsynthetic
Produced artificially, not natural
artificial · man-made · industrial · manufactured · synthetic chemical
biochemicalmechanical
Operated by machinery
physical · biophysical · electrical · macroscopic · biomechanical
- biochemical reactionsChemical changes in organisms
- biochemical pathwaysSequential cellular chemical reactions