biochemicals
Organic cellular compounds
Biochemicals are chemical substances that occur in or are produced by living organisms.
The term encompasses a vast range of molecules essential to life processes, from simple sugars and amino acids to complex proteins, hormones, and enzymes.
In industrial and pharmaceutical contexts, biochemicals often refers to compounds extracted from biological sources or synthesized for medical, agricultural, or research applications.
The lab specializes in producing biochemicals for drug development.
Organic compounds forming proteins
- nucleotidesDNA and RNA subunits
- lipidsWater-insoluble biomolecules
- carbohydratesSugar-based energy compounds
- proteinsAmino acid polymers
peptides · vitamins · alkaloids · flavonoids · steroids · phospholipids · saccharides · terpenes
Female reproductive hormone
- testosteroneChief male sex hormone
- insulinPancreatic glucose-regulating hormone
- adrenalineEmergency response hormone
- cortisolAdrenal steroid regulating stress
thyroxine · leptin · ghrelin · melatonin · progesterone · androgens · glucagon · oxytocin
Glucose metabolism producing ATP
- catabolismMetabolic molecular dismantling
- anabolismMetabolic construction of molecules
- lipolysisMetabolic fat decomposition
- ketosisFat metabolism producing ketones
bioenergetics · mitochondria · fermentation · citric acid · acetyl-CoA · pyruvate · NADH
Cellular translation machinery
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
- translationConverting between languages
- polypeptidesBonded amino acid sequences
- gene expressionDNA to functional product
DNA replication · RNA · biosynthesis · polymerization · mRNA · tRNA · codons · protein folding
Living organisms detoxify pollutants
- agronomyCrop and soil science
- aquacultureFarming underwater organisms
- agroecologyEcological approach to farming
- agrichemicalChemical used in farming
biopesticides · biofertilizers · nitrogen fixation · mycorrhizae
Reaction accelerators
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- kineticsScience of motion forces
- activationSetting into operation
- inhibitionMental check on behavior
cofactor · peptidase · transferase · hydrolase · ligase · active site · zymogen · protease
Chemical neural messengers
- receptorsProteins binding specific molecules
- synapticOf nerve connections
- acetylcholineNeurotransmitter for muscles and memory
- GABAInhibitory brain neurotransmitter
glutamate · cytokines · interleukins · growth factors · endocrine · cascades · phosphorylation
amino acids
Organic compounds forming proteins
- nucleotidesDNA and RNA subunits
- lipidsWater-insoluble biomolecules
- carbohydratesSugar-based energy compounds
proteins · peptides · vitamins · alkaloids · flavonoids · steroids · phospholipids · saccharides · terpenes · glycolipids
estrogen
Female reproductive hormone
- testosteroneChief male sex hormone
- insulinPancreatic glucose-regulating hormone
- adrenalineEmergency response hormone
cortisol · thyroxine · leptin · ghrelin · melatonin · progesterone · androgens · glucagon · oxytocin · vasopressin
glycolysis
Glucose metabolism producing ATP
- catabolismMetabolic molecular dismantling
- anabolismMetabolic construction of molecules
- lipolysisMetabolic fat decomposition
ketosis · bioenergetics · mitochondria · fermentation · citric acid · acetyl-CoA · pyruvate · NADH
ribosomes
Cellular translation machinery
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
- translationConverting between languages
- polypeptidesBonded amino acid sequences
gene expression · DNA replication · RNA · biosynthesis · polymerization · mRNA · tRNA · codons · protein folding · ribosomal
bioremediation
Living organisms detoxify pollutants
- agronomyCrop and soil science
- aquacultureFarming underwater organisms
- agroecologyEcological approach to farming
agrichemical · biopesticides · biofertilizers · nitrogen fixation · mycorrhizae
catalysts
Reaction accelerators
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- kineticsScience of motion forces
- activationSetting into operation
inhibition · cofactor · peptidase · transferase · hydrolase · ligase · active site · zymogen · protease · amylase
neurotransmitters
Chemical neural messengers
- receptorsProteins binding specific molecules
- synapticOf nerve connections
- acetylcholineNeurotransmitter for muscles and memory
GABA · glutamate · cytokines · interleukins · growth factors · endocrine · cascades · phosphorylation
biochemicalssynthetic chemicals
Artificially produced molecular substances
petrochemicals · industrial chemicals · plastics · synthetic materials
- biochemical reactionsChemical changes in organisms
- biochemical pathwaysSequential cellular chemical reactions