RNAs
Cellular information carriers
RNAs is the plural of RNA, ribonucleic acid—a molecule essential to gene expression and protein synthesis.
Where DNA stores genetic information, RNA carries and translates it.
Different types perform different functions: messenger RNA carries genetic instructions, transfer RNA delivers amino acids, ribosomal RNA forms part of the protein-making machinery.
Researchers identified several RNAs involved in the immune response.
Gene's working copy
- codonsThree-base genetic words
- translationConverting between languages
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
- polypeptideAmino acid polymer
introns · degradation · stability · UTR
Pertaining to RNA
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- uracilRNA pyrimidine nucleobase
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- cytosinePyrimidine nucleobase in genetics
guanine · biopolymer · nucleoside · phosphate · hairpin · single-stranded · folding · backbone
Protein synthesis site
Gene-silencing nucleic acid
- interferenceUnwelcome involvement in affairs
- RISCProcessor design philosophy
- DicerRNA-cleaving endonuclease
- knockdownBlow causing a fall
epigenetic · CRISPR · imprinting · sponge
RNA virus copying into DNA
- HIVAIDS-causing retrovirus
- SARS-CoV-2Pandemic-causing coronavirus species
- influenzaAcute viral respiratory infection
- replicationAct of duplicating precisely
genome · capsid · virion · packaging · Ebola · coronavirus · zoonotic · interferon
Nucleic acid synthesis enzyme
- promoterOne who organizes events
- templatePreset pattern for reproduction
- elongationIncrease in length
- initiationFormal admission ceremony
termination · pre-mRNA · splicing · capping · nascent · chromatin
Shark with splayed head
- catalysisAccelerating reactions without consumption
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- ligaseBond-creating enzyme
- biocatalystOrganic reaction accelerator
mRNA
Gene's working copy
- codonsThree-base genetic words
- translationConverting between languages
- ribosomeProtein synthesis site
polypeptide · introns · degradation · stability · UTR
ribonucleic
Pertaining to RNA
- nucleotideGenetic code subunit
- uracilRNA pyrimidine nucleobase
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
cytosine · guanine · biopolymer · nucleoside · phosphate · hairpin · single-stranded · folding · backbone · hydrogen-bonding
ribosome
Protein synthesis site
antisense
Gene-silencing nucleic acid
- interferenceUnwelcome involvement in affairs
- RISCProcessor design philosophy
- DicerRNA-cleaving endonuclease
knockdown · epigenetic · CRISPR · imprinting · sponge
retrovirus
RNA virus copying into DNA
- HIVAIDS-causing retrovirus
- SARS-CoV-2Pandemic-causing coronavirus species
- influenzaAcute viral respiratory infection
replication · genome · capsid · virion · packaging · Ebola · coronavirus · zoonotic · interferon
polymerase
Nucleic acid synthesis enzyme
- promoterOne who organizes events
- templatePreset pattern for reproduction
- elongationIncrease in length
initiation · termination · pre-mRNA · splicing · capping · nascent · chromatin
hammerhead
Shark with splayed head
- catalysisAccelerating reactions without consumption
- substrateUnderlying supporting material
- ligaseBond-creating enzyme
biocatalyst · cofactor · lariat · cleavage · twister · pistol
tRNA
Amino acid transporter molecule
RNAsDNAs
Hereditary molecule specimens
DNA · double helix · nuclear DNA · mitochondrial DNA · genes
RNAsproteins
Amino acid polymers
polypeptides · enzymes · lipids · carbohydrates · amino acids
- messenger RNAGene-to-ribosome information carrier
- RNA virusPathogen using ribonucleic acid
- negative-sense RNAGenome requiring complementary copy first
- viral RNANucleic acid from viruses
- transfer RNAAmino acid delivery molecule