introns
Excised gene segments
Introns are segments of a gene that don't code for protein.
When DNA is transcribed into RNA, introns are spliced out before the RNA becomes a template for protein synthesis.
The portions that remain and do code for protein are called exons.
The gene contains seventeen introns.
Most genes in complex organisms have multiple introns; bacteria typically have none.
splicing
Protein-coding gene segment
- pre-mRNAUnspliced gene copy
- lariatNoosed catching rope
- alternative splicingVariable exon inclusion during transcription
- donor siteTissue source location
genomics
Organism's total hereditary material
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
- chromosomesGene-bearing nuclear structures
- nucleotidesDNA and RNA subunits
- DNA sequencingReading nucleotide base order
noncoding
Genomic material without apparent purpose
- gene expressionDNA to functional product
- conserved sequencesEvolutionarily maintained genetic regions
evolution
Of one's forebears
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
- divergenceSeparation from common origin
exon
Protein-coding gene segment
- pre-mRNAUnspliced gene copy
- lariatNoosed catching rope
- alternative splicingVariable exon inclusion during transcription
genome
Organism's total hereditary material
- transcriptionWritten version of speech
- chromosomesGene-bearing nuclear structures
- nucleotidesDNA and RNA subunits
DNA sequencing · bioinformatics · genome mapping · sequencing
junk DNA
Genomic material without apparent purpose
- gene expressionDNA to functional product
- conserved sequencesEvolutionarily maintained genetic regions
ancestral
Of one's forebears
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
- divergenceSeparation from common origin