polypeptide
Linked amino acids
A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, forming the basic structural unit of proteins.
Short chains are called peptides; longer ones, typically containing more than about fifty amino acids, are polypeptides.
A protein may consist of a single polypeptide chain or multiple chains folded and bonded together.
The term appears frequently in biochemistry and molecular biology contexts: The ribosome assembles polypeptides according to the genetic code.
Vertebral column, or courage
- foldingBending something over itself
- conformationStructural form or arrangement
- domainArea of control
- motifRecurring thematic element
hydrophobic · hydrophilic · disulfide · denaturation · misfolding · chaperone · native · coil
Protein synthesis site
- translationConverting between languages
- mRNAGene's working copy
- tRNAAmino acid transporter molecule
- codonBase triplet encoding amino
anticodon · initiation · elongation · termination · transcription · splicing · coupling · protection
Total mass of atoms
- isoelectricHaving equal charge
- electrophoresisField-driven particle separation
- chromatographyTechnique separating mixtures by differential migration
- sequencingDetermining element order
hydrolysis · proteolysis · enzyme · substrate · catalysis · binding · receptor · signal
Simplest amino acid
- alanineBasic amino acid
- valineEssential branched-chain amino acid
- leucineEssential branched-chain amino acid
- isoleucineEssential branched-chain amino acid
proline · phenylalanine · tryptophan · tyrosine · serine · threonine · cysteine · methionine
Pancreatic glucose-regulating hormone
- glucagonPancreatic blood-sugar raiser
- oxytocinBonding neurotransmitter from hypothalamus
- vasopressinFluid-conserving pituitary hormone
- endorphinBody's natural analgesic
secretin · gastrin · neuropeptide · antimicrobial · cyclosporine · glutathione
backbone
Vertebral column, or courage
- foldingBending something over itself
- conformationStructural form or arrangement
- domainArea of control
motif · hydrophobic · hydrophilic · disulfide · denaturation · misfolding · chaperone · native · coil · loop
ribosome
Protein synthesis site
- translationConverting between languages
- mRNAGene's working copy
- tRNAAmino acid transporter molecule
codon · anticodon · initiation · elongation · termination · transcription · splicing · coupling · protection · cleavage
molecular weight
Total mass of atoms
- isoelectricHaving equal charge
- electrophoresisField-driven particle separation
- chromatographyTechnique separating mixtures by differential migration
sequencing · hydrolysis · proteolysis · enzyme · substrate · catalysis · binding · receptor · signal · hormone
glycine
Simplest amino acid
- alanineBasic amino acid
- valineEssential branched-chain amino acid
- leucineEssential branched-chain amino acid
isoleucine · proline · phenylalanine · tryptophan · tyrosine · serine · threonine · cysteine · methionine · asparagine
insulin
Pancreatic glucose-regulating hormone
- glucagonPancreatic blood-sugar raiser
- oxytocinBonding neurotransmitter from hypothalamus
- vasopressinFluid-conserving pituitary hormone
endorphin · secretin · gastrin · neuropeptide · antimicrobial · cyclosporine · glutathione
- proteinsprotein, proteins, albumin, collagen, casein
- poly- wordspolygon, polymer, polyglot, polymath, polynomial
- biopolymersbiopolymers, cellulose, chitin, DNA, RNA
- Macromoleculespolymer, polymers, protein, proteins, DNA
- Pancreasislets of Langerhans, islets, pancreatic juice, glucagon, exocrine
- peptidesdipeptide, tripeptides, pentapeptide, amino acid, amino acids
polypeptidepolysaccharide
Chained sugar molecule
nucleic acid · carbohydrate · lipid · nucleotide · monosaccharide