neurobiology
Study of neurons
Neurobiology is the branch of biology that studies the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and networks of nerve cells throughout the body.
It examines how neurons develop, communicate, and form the physical basis for behavior, cognition, and bodily functions.
The field overlaps considerably with neuroscience, though neurobiology tends to emphasize cellular and molecular mechanisms while neuroscience encompasses broader approaches including psychology and computational modeling.
Her neurobiology research focuses on how synapses form during early development.
Neuron's signal-sending projection
- dendriteNeuron's input branch
- gliaNon-neuronal brain cells
- synapseNerve signal crossing point
- myelinNerve fiber insulation
vesicle · receptor · astrocyte · microglia · soma · terminal · bouton · spine
Synaptic chemical messenger
- dopamineReward-linked neural messenger
- serotoninMood-regulating brain chemical
- glutamateExcitatory neural transmitter
- GABAInhibitory brain neurotransmitter
acetylcholine · norepinephrine · endorphin · oxytocin · receptor · reuptake · presynaptic · excitatory
Emotion-processing brain cluster
- hippocampusMemory formation region
- cerebellumMovement coordination organ
- cortexOrgan's external tissue
- brainstemLower neural trunk
thalamus · hypothalamus · cerebrum · ventricle · brainwaves · neuroimaging · lesion
Mind's retention capacity
- attentionFocused mental awareness
- perceptionMental interpretation of stimuli
- consciousnessState of sentient awareness
- learningGaining knowledge gradually
language · decision-making · emotion · motivation · reasoning · encoding · consolidation · retrieval
Biology's electrical activity science
- neuroimagingVisualizing nervous system structure
- fMRIMagnetic neural activity imaging
- EEGNeural activity recording
- microscopyTechnique using powerful lenses
staining · transgenic · knockout · electrode · biomarker · in-vitro
Innate behavioral tendency
- reflexInvoluntary stimulus response
- responseAnswer to stimulus
- stimulusWhat prompts a reaction
- habituationDiminished reaction over time
conditioning · aggression · fear · reward · motivation · sleep · arousal · fight-or-flight
New nerve cell formation
- differentiationRecognizing meaningful differences
- migrationMovement to new territory
- pruningCutting vegetation for health
- myelinationFatty nerve coating
progenitor · apoptosis · maturation · wiring · connectivity
Progressive loss of neurons
- Alzheimer'sDegenerative brain disease
- Parkinson'sNeurodegenerative motor disorder
- epilepsyBrain disorder causing seizures
- strokeSudden brain blood blockage
schizophrenia · depression · anxiety · autism · dementia · neuropathy · addiction · atrophy
axon
Neuron's signal-sending projection
myelin · vesicle · receptor · astrocyte · microglia · soma · terminal · bouton · spine · cytoskeleton
neurotransmitter
Synaptic chemical messenger
- dopamineReward-linked neural messenger
- serotoninMood-regulating brain chemical
- glutamateExcitatory neural transmitter
GABA · acetylcholine · norepinephrine · endorphin · oxytocin · receptor · reuptake · presynaptic · excitatory · inhibitory
amygdala
Emotion-processing brain cluster
- hippocampusMemory formation region
- cerebellumMovement coordination organ
- cortexOrgan's external tissue
brainstem · thalamus · hypothalamus · cerebrum · ventricle · brainwaves · neuroimaging · lesion
memory
Mind's retention capacity
- attentionFocused mental awareness
- perceptionMental interpretation of stimuli
- consciousnessState of sentient awareness
learning · language · decision-making · emotion · motivation · reasoning · encoding · consolidation · retrieval · plasticity
electrophysiology
Biology's electrical activity science
- neuroimagingVisualizing nervous system structure
- fMRIMagnetic neural activity imaging
- EEGNeural activity recording
microscopy · staining · transgenic · knockout · electrode · biomarker · in-vitro
instinct
Innate behavioral tendency
habituation · conditioning · aggression · fear · reward · motivation · sleep · arousal · fight-or-flight · addiction
neurogenesis
New nerve cell formation
- differentiationRecognizing meaningful differences
- migrationMovement to new territory
- pruningCutting vegetation for health
myelination · progenitor · apoptosis · maturation · wiring · connectivity
neurodegeneration
Progressive loss of neurons
- Alzheimer'sDegenerative brain disease
- Parkinson'sNeurodegenerative motor disorder
- epilepsyBrain disorder causing seizures
stroke · schizophrenia · depression · anxiety · autism · dementia · neuropathy · addiction · atrophy · plaque
- biologycells, DNA, cell, gene, bacteriology
- brain sciencebrain scan, brain research, brain map, brain imaging, brain chemistry
- neuroscienceMRI, brain, synapses, dendrite, neurotransmitters
- zoologymammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds, insects
- instinctsinstinct, survival instinct, survival instincts, maternal instinct, gut instinct
- addictionaddiction, drug addiction, substance abuse, drug dependence, substance dependency
neurobiologyfolk psychology
Intuitive beliefs about minds
phenomenology · psychology · social psychology · sociology · psychoanalysis
neurobiologyphilosophy of mind
Study of mental states
hermeneutics · humanities · literary criticism · existentialism · spiritual traditions