hepatocyte
Liver's main cell
A hepatocyte is a liver cell—the primary functional cell type making up most of the liver's mass.
Hepatocytes perform the liver's metabolic work: processing nutrients, detoxifying harmful substances, producing bile, and synthesizing proteins.
Alcohol damages hepatocytes over time.
Minor rounded projection
- sinusoidPeriodic oscillation curve
- portal veinVessel feeding liver from gut
- Kupffer cellLiver's resident immune cell
- bile ductDigestive fluid conduit
parenchyma · zonation · fenestration · cord · plate
Gel surrounding the nucleus
- nucleusCentral controlling part
- organelleSubcellular functional unit
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
- endoplasmic reticulumCytoplasmic membrane network for synthesis
membrane · ribosome · cytoskeleton · glycogen · lipids · proteins · peroxisome · lysosome
Irreversible hepatic scarring
- fibrosisPathological connective tissue buildup
- jaundiceYellowing from bile pigment
- necrosisLocalized cell death
- apoptosisProgrammed cell death
ballooning · fatty liver · cholestasis · transaminase · ALT · liver failure · NAFLD
Metabolic chemical conversion
- conjugationVerb form variation system
- sulfationLead sulfate crystal accumulation
- glutathioneSulfur-containing cellular antioxidant
- drug metabolismBody's chemical processing of medications
acetaldehyde · oxidation · reduction · hydrolysis · excretion
Glucose metabolism producing ATP
- lipogenesisMetabolic fat production process
- beta-oxidationFatty acid breakdown pathway
- ketogenesisMetabolic ketone synthesis
- clotting factorsProteins enabling blood coagulation
ATP · homeostasis · biosynthesis · catabolism · anabolism
Rapid increase in quantity
- mitosisNuclear division producing identical cells
- cell divisionParent splitting into offspring
- growth factorsProteins stimulating cell proliferation
- cell cycleReplication process of cells
Complete separation from others
- in vitroIn an artificial environment
- transplantationSurgical organ relocation
- cryopreservationLow-temperature biological preservation
- spheroidNearly round solid
lobule
Minor rounded projection
- sinusoidPeriodic oscillation curve
- portal veinVessel feeding liver from gut
- Kupffer cellLiver's resident immune cell
bile duct · parenchyma · zonation · fenestration · cord · plate
cytoplasm
Gel surrounding the nucleus
- nucleusCentral controlling part
- organelleSubcellular functional unit
- mitochondriaCell's energy-producing organelles
endoplasmic reticulum · membrane · ribosome · cytoskeleton · glycogen · lipids · proteins · peroxisome · lysosome · microvilli
cirrhosis
Irreversible hepatic scarring
- fibrosisPathological connective tissue buildup
- jaundiceYellowing from bile pigment
- necrosisLocalized cell death
apoptosis · ballooning · fatty liver · cholestasis · transaminase · ALT · liver failure · NAFLD
biotransformation
Metabolic chemical conversion
- conjugationVerb form variation system
- sulfationLead sulfate crystal accumulation
- glutathioneSulfur-containing cellular antioxidant
drug metabolism · acetaldehyde · oxidation · reduction · hydrolysis · excretion
glycolysis
Glucose metabolism producing ATP
- lipogenesisMetabolic fat production process
- beta-oxidationFatty acid breakdown pathway
- ketogenesisMetabolic ketone synthesis
clotting factors · ATP · homeostasis · biosynthesis · catabolism · anabolism
proliferation
Rapid increase in quantity
- mitosisNuclear division producing identical cells
- cell divisionParent splitting into offspring
- growth factorsProteins stimulating cell proliferation
cell cycle · DNA replication · tissue repair · restoration · progenitor
isolation
Complete separation from others
- in vitroIn an artificial environment
- transplantationSurgical organ relocation
- cryopreservationLow-temperature biological preservation
hepatocyteerythrocyte
Oxygen-transporting blood component
red blood cell · leukocyte · blood cell · lymphocyte · platelet
hepatitis, cytology, hepatic, leukocyte, heparin, erythrocyte, hepatica, hepatology, hepatomegaly