chemical formula
Composition in symbols
A chemical formula is a notation showing the elements in a compound and their proportions.
H₂O indicates water contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
Molecular formulas show exact atom counts; structural formulas show how atoms connect.
The chemical formula for table salt is NaCl.
Text below the line
- superscriptRaised typographical character
- coefficientNumber multiplying a variable
- empiricalBased on observation, not theory
- molecularOf tiny particles
structural · skeletal · condensed · balanced equation · stoichiometry · nomenclature · parentheses · brackets
Water's molecular notation
- CO2Carbon dioxide formula
- NaClChemical formula for salt
- CH4Methane's molecular formula
- ATPCell's energy molecule
DNA · caffeine · aspirin · penicillin · glucose · sucrose · ethanol · methane
Substances entering a reaction
- productsItems made for sale
- yieldProduce or relinquish
- arrowPointed shaft for shooting
- catalystAgent enabling change
equilibrium · reversible · precipitation · combustion · synthesis · decomposition · redox · oxidation
Systematic display of elements
- atomic numberProton quantity per nucleus
- atomic massWeighted average of isotopes
- symbolRepresentational mark or sign
- hydrogenSimplest atomic element
oxygen · carbon · nitrogen · helium · iron · gold · copper · sodium
Sharing electrons between atoms
- ionicConcerning charged particles
- metallicResembling ore-based elements
- hydrogen bondElectronegativity-based intermolecular attraction
- polarOf extreme latitudes
nonpolar · single bond · double bond · triple bond · electronegativity · valence electron · hybridization · sigma
subscript
Text below the line
- superscriptRaised typographical character
- coefficientNumber multiplying a variable
- empiricalBased on observation, not theory
molecular · structural · skeletal · condensed · balanced equation · stoichiometry · nomenclature · parentheses · brackets · charge
H2O
Water's molecular notation
ATP · DNA · caffeine · aspirin · penicillin · glucose · sucrose · ethanol · methane · ammonia
reactants
Substances entering a reaction
catalyst · equilibrium · reversible · precipitation · combustion · synthesis · decomposition · redox · oxidation · reduction
periodic table
Systematic display of elements
- atomic numberProton quantity per nucleus
- atomic massWeighted average of isotopes
- symbolRepresentational mark or sign
hydrogen · oxygen · carbon · nitrogen · helium · iron · gold · copper · sodium · chlorine
covalent
Sharing electrons between atoms
- ionicConcerning charged particles
- metallicResembling ore-based elements
- hydrogen bondElectronegativity-based intermolecular attraction
polar · nonpolar · single bond · double bond · triple bond · electronegativity · valence electron · hybridization · sigma · pi
- Formulaspercent change, E=mc2, PV=nRT, Pythagorean theorem, ideal gas law
- chemistryatom, atoms, molecule, molecules, elements
- hazmathazmat suit, hazmat, hazardous materials, biohazard, dangerous goods
- trade secretstrade secret, secret recipe, proprietary blend, manufacturing process, source code
- Chemistry Notationsubscript, superscript, coefficient, single bond, double bond
- molecular diagramsskeletal structure, molecular model, Fischer projection, Haworth projection, space-filling
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