gymnosperm
Pine tree's classification
A gymnosperm is a plant that produces seeds not enclosed in a fruit or ovary—the word literally means "naked seed." Conifers like pines, spruces, and firs are the most familiar examples; cycads, ginkgos, and ephedra also belong to this ancient group.
Gymnosperms dominated Earth's forests before flowering plants evolved.
The counterpart is angiosperm, a flowering plant with enclosed seeds.
Cone-bearing evergreen
- spruceNeat; also a conifer
- firCone-bearing evergreen genus
- cedarDurable, fragrant conifer
- cypressDurable-wooded coniferous evergreen
juniper · hemlock · yew · redwood · sequoia · larch · arborvitae · bristlecone
Unfertilized seed structure
- coneTapered solid, circular base
- pollinationFlower reproductive transfer
- pollenFloral reproductive grains
- megasporeLarge spore, female gametophyte
fertilization · embryo · germination · windborne · seed coat · nonflowering · cotyledon · dispersal
Ancient Chinese deciduous tree
- maidenhairDelicate woodland fern
- bilobaSplit into two lobes
- fan-shapedSpreading from single point
- deciduousSheds foliage seasonally
dioecious · living fossil · ornamental · shade tree · golden · autumn · resilient · ancient
Palmlike ancient seed plant
Preserved ancient organism
- CarboniferousCoal-depositing geological period
- PermianLate Paleozoic geological period
- MesozoicAge of Reptiles
- TriassicFirst Mesozoic period
Jurassic · Cretaceous · Paleozoic · Gondwana · Pangea · prehistoric · petrified · extinct
Science of categorical arrangement
- vascularOf blood vessels
- phylumMajor classification rank
- classificationSystematic grouping by traits
- morphologyStudy of structural forms
phylogeny · angiosperm · seedless · spore · plant kingdom · botanical · xylem · phloem
Southwestern African coastal desert
- desertTo leave behind completely
- vessel elementsXylem's wide water conduits
- double fertilizationTwo simultaneous plant fusions
- unusualNot often encountered
pine
Cone-bearing evergreen
cypress · juniper · hemlock · yew · redwood · sequoia · larch · arborvitae · bristlecone · kauri
ovule
Unfertilized seed structure
- coneTapered solid, circular base
- pollinationFlower reproductive transfer
- pollenFloral reproductive grains
megaspore · fertilization · embryo · germination · windborne · seed coat · nonflowering · cotyledon · dispersal · scale
ginkgo
Ancient Chinese deciduous tree
- maidenhairDelicate woodland fern
- bilobaSplit into two lobes
- fan-shapedSpreading from single point
deciduous · dioecious · living fossil · ornamental · shade tree · golden · autumn · resilient · ancient · medicinal
cycad
Palmlike ancient seed plant
- sago palmOrnamental cycad houseplant
- frondLarge, segmented plant blade
- pinnateHaving paired lateral parts
dioecious · tropical · subtropical · coralloid · symbiosis
fossil
Preserved ancient organism
- CarboniferousCoal-depositing geological period
- PermianLate Paleozoic geological period
- MesozoicAge of Reptiles
Triassic · Jurassic · Cretaceous · Paleozoic · Gondwana · Pangea · prehistoric · petrified · extinct · ancestral
taxonomy
Science of categorical arrangement
- vascularOf blood vessels
- phylumMajor classification rank
- classificationSystematic grouping by traits
morphology · phylogeny · angiosperm · seedless · spore · plant kingdom · botanical · xylem · phloem · chlorophyll
Namib
Southwestern African coastal desert
- desertTo leave behind completely
- vessel elementsXylem's wide water conduits
- double fertilizationTwo simultaneous plant fusions
- life formsorganisms, organism, lifeforms, animal, creatures
- tree typesdeciduous, evergreen, conifer, broadleaf, hardwood
- botanybotany, plants, plant biology, plant, plant anatomy
- plant biologyphotosynthesis, chloroplast, pollination, stamen, pistil
- seed plantsangiosperms, conifers, angiosperm, flowering plants, flowering plant
- plant anatomyroot, stem, leaves, stems, leaf
gymnospermangiosperm
Plant producing flowers, fruits
flowering plant · fruit tree · hardwood · monocot · dicot