cotyledon
Seed's first leaf
A cotyledon is the first leaf or one of the first pair of leaves that emerges from a germinating seed.
These embryonic leaves are often simpler and fleshier than the plant's later foliage, storing nutrients for early growth.
Flowering plants are classified by cotyledon count: monocots have one, dicots have two.
The bean's cotyledons pushed through the soil.
Embryonic plant shoot
- radicleEmbryonic plant root
- seed coatOuter protective seed layer
- endospermSeed's internal nutrient tissue
- monocotyledonSingle embryonic leaf plant
dicotyledon · seed leaves · food storage · protective covering
Seeds beginning growth
- emergenceComing into existence
- dormancySuspended biological activity
- scarificationIntentional shallow skin cuts
- stratificationDivision into distinct levels
hypogeal · viability · seedling · swelling · establishment
Plant producing flowers, fruits
- gymnospermExposed-seed plant
- dicotTwo-cotyledon plant
- monocotOne-cotyledon flowering plant
- flowering plantSeed-in-fruit producer
embryology · plant anatomy · taxonomy · classification · morphology
Outermost tissue layer
- mesophyllPhotosynthetic tissue in leaves
- vascular tissuePlant's internal transport network
- bladeFlat cutting edge
- chloroplastLight-harvesting cell structure
stomata · cuticle · petiole · venation · protective layer
Light-to-sugar conversion in plants
- chlorophyllLight-harvesting plant pigment
- energy sourceOrigin of usable power
- carbohydratesSugar-based energy compounds
plumule
Embryonic plant shoot
- radicleEmbryonic plant root
- seed coatOuter protective seed layer
- endospermSeed's internal nutrient tissue
monocotyledon · dicotyledon · seed leaves · food storage · protective covering
sprouting
Seeds beginning growth
- emergenceComing into existence
- dormancySuspended biological activity
- scarificationIntentional shallow skin cuts
stratification · hypogeal · viability · seedling · swelling · establishment
angiosperm
Plant producing flowers, fruits
- gymnospermExposed-seed plant
- dicotTwo-cotyledon plant
- monocotOne-cotyledon flowering plant
flowering plant · embryology · plant anatomy · taxonomy · classification · morphology
epidermis
Outermost tissue layer
- mesophyllPhotosynthetic tissue in leaves
- vascular tissuePlant's internal transport network
- bladeFlat cutting edge
chloroplast · stomata · cuticle · petiole · venation · protective layer
photosynthesis
Light-to-sugar conversion in plants
- chlorophyllLight-harvesting plant pigment
- energy sourceOrigin of usable power
- carbohydratesSugar-based energy compounds
- plant anatomyroot, stem, leaves, stems, leaf
- plant growthbloom, bud, buds, flower, fruit
- plant partsleaf, stem, root, leaves, flower
- plant biologyphotosynthesis, chloroplast, pollination, stamen, pistil
- seed startinggrow lights, potting soil, seedlings, seed trays, peat pots
- Seedling Growthgermination, sprouting, root growth, true leaves, radicle