hydrothermal
Heated underwater vents
Hydrothermal describes processes involving hot water, especially heated water moving through rock beneath the earth's surface.
Hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor release mineral-rich water heated by volcanic activity.
Hydrothermal activity creates hot springs and geysers.
The term appears in geology, oceanography, and discussions of mineral deposits formed by hot aqueous solutions.
Naturally heated groundwater basin
- geyserErupting thermal vent
- fumaroleVolcanic gas vent
- mud potBubbling geothermal clay pool
- travertineLimestone from thermal springs
sinter · Old Faithful · Yellowstone · Rotorua · onsen · steam vent · boiling · sulfur
Vertical smoke passage
- seafloorOcean's solid base
- mid-ocean ridgeSubmarine volcanic mountain range
- deep-seaOf ocean depths
- tubewormSedentary marine invertebrate
chemosynthesis · extremophile · thermophile · archaea · sulfide · mineralization · plume · lost city
Conversion to mineral form
- sulfideCompound with element sixteen
- pyriteBrass-yellow iron sulfide
- galenaSulfide ore of lead
- goldElement seventy-nine
silver · copper · zinc · lead · alteration · vein · breccia · porphyry
Liquid in motion
- convectionHeat transfer via motion
- permeabilityAbility to transmit fluids
- fractureSplit in hard material
- seawaterSalty ocean fluid
magma chamber · heat source · upwelling · recharge · discharge · alteration · pressure · subsurface
hot spring
Naturally heated groundwater basin
travertine · sinter · Old Faithful · Yellowstone · Rotorua · onsen · steam vent · boiling · sulfur · convection
chimney
Vertical smoke passage
- seafloorOcean's solid base
- mid-ocean ridgeSubmarine volcanic mountain range
- deep-seaOf ocean depths
tubeworm · chemosynthesis · extremophile · thermophile · archaea · sulfide · mineralization · plume · lost city · abyssal
mineralization
Conversion to mineral form
gold · silver · copper · zinc · lead · alteration · vein · breccia · porphyry · precipitation
fluid flow
Liquid in motion
- convectionHeat transfer via motion
- permeabilityAbility to transmit fluids
- fractureSplit in hard material
seawater · magma chamber · heat source · upwelling · recharge · discharge · alteration · pressure · subsurface · conduit
- geologybedrock, fault lines, faults, rock, basalt
- geochemistryisotope geochemistry, biogeochemistry, trace element, trace elements, isotopes
- volcanic activityeruption, active, lava, dormant, magma
- volcanoesvolcano, volcanic eruption, Mount Fuji, volcanic eruptions, caldera
- emerald miningColombia, Zambia, Brazil, shaft, tunnel
- ocean geologyseafloor, seabed, ocean basins, ocean floor, ocean basin
hydrothermalcryogenic
Extremely low temperature
cold · frigid · glacial · cold-water · frozen
hydrothermalanhydrous
Containing no water
dry · arid · desiccated · waterless · nonaqueous
hydrothermalmagmatic
Concerning molten rock
sedimentary · metamorphic · igneous · weathering · aeolian
- hydrothermal ventsSubmarine volcanic water jets