graphene
Single-atom lattice layer
Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice—essentially a sheet of graphite one atom thick.
It's extraordinarily strong, lightweight, and conducts electricity and heat exceptionally well.
The material has generated excitement for potential applications in electronics, batteries, and composite materials, though commercial uses remain limited: Graphene could revolutionize flexible displays.
Single-atom-thick coating
- two-dimensionalHaving only two axes
- ultrathinExtremely minimal thickness
- sheetFlat rectangular material
- layerSingle thickness of material
membrane · film · substrate · lattice · honeycomb · planar · flake · laminate
Spherical carbon allotropes
- diamondCrystallized carbon gemstone
- hexagonalSix-edged polygon's form
- hybridizationMixing distinct genetic lines
- covalentSharing electrons between atoms
element · lattice · atomic · carbon-based · honeycomb · exfoliation · carbonaceous · organic
Capable of elongation
- strongHaving great physical power
- flexibleAble to bend freely
- durableAble to withstand use
- resilientAble to recover quickly
elastic · tough · lightweight · bendable · impermeable · robust · high-strength · stiff
One who directs musicians
- semiconductorPartial electrical conductor
- electronsNegative charges in atoms
- currentDirected flow of charge
- resistanceCapacity to withstand force
superconductor · transistor · electrode · circuit · voltage · mobility · ballistic · conductive
Portable electricity storage
- supercapacitorHigh-speed charge storage device
- photovoltaicLight-to-electricity converting
- touchscreenInput-sensitive display panel
- sensorInput-detecting device
filter · desalination · wearable · biomedical · coating · antenna · transistor · membrane
Billionth-meter dimension
- nanocompositeHybrid with nanometer-scale phase
- nanowireNanoscale conductive filament
- nanotubeNanoscale carbon cylinder
- quantumSmallest discrete unit
nanofabrication · lithography · microchip · nanodevice · biosensor · photodetector · nanomedicine · microelectronics
Sudden important advance
- ManchesterLarge English industrial city
- researchSystematic fact-finding effort
- patentObvious; inventor's monopoly
- cutting-edgeAt innovation's forefront
revolutionary · emerging · pioneering · 2004 · discovery
monolayer
Single-atom-thick coating
- two-dimensionalHaving only two axes
- ultrathinExtremely minimal thickness
- sheetFlat rectangular material
layer · membrane · film · substrate · lattice · honeycomb · planar · flake · laminate · coating
buckyballs
Spherical carbon allotropes
- diamondCrystallized carbon gemstone
- hexagonalSix-edged polygon's form
- hybridizationMixing distinct genetic lines
covalent · element · lattice · atomic · carbon-based · honeycomb · exfoliation · carbonaceous · organic · chemistry
tensile
Capable of elongation
resilient · elastic · tough · lightweight · bendable · impermeable · robust · high-strength · stiff · reinforcement
conductor
One who directs musicians
- semiconductorPartial electrical conductor
- electronsNegative charges in atoms
- currentDirected flow of charge
resistance · superconductor · transistor · electrode · circuit · voltage · mobility · ballistic · conductive · resistivity
battery
Portable electricity storage
- supercapacitorHigh-speed charge storage device
- photovoltaicLight-to-electricity converting
- touchscreenInput-sensitive display panel
sensor · filter · desalination · wearable · biomedical · coating · antenna · transistor · membrane
nanoscale
Billionth-meter dimension
- nanocompositeHybrid with nanometer-scale phase
- nanowireNanoscale conductive filament
- nanotubeNanoscale carbon cylinder
quantum · nanofabrication · lithography · microchip · nanodevice · biosensor · photodetector · nanomedicine · microelectronics · nanomaterial
breakthrough
Sudden important advance
- ManchesterLarge English industrial city
- researchSystematic fact-finding effort
- patentObvious; inventor's monopoly
cutting-edge · revolutionary · emerging · pioneering · 2004 · discovery
- Microscopicbacterium, virus, amoeba, paramecium, microbe
- Nanotechnanoparticle, nanotube, nanowire, nanostructure, nanomaterial
- electroactive materialsPPV, fullerene, PVDF, carbon nanotubes, PZT
- Nanoelectronicsnanoelectronics, nanowires, carbon nanotubes, molecular switches, nanofabrication
- nanomaterialsnanoparticles, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires, nanocrystals
- materialsmetal, metals, wood, ceramic, fabric
graphenediamond
Crystallized carbon gemstone
fullerene · carbon nanotube · coal · lonsdaleite · carbon black