De Beers
Gem mining giant
De Beers is the diamond mining and trading company that dominated the global diamond market for most of the twentieth century.
The company controlled supply to maintain high prices and created lasting demand through marketing campaigns like "A diamond is forever." De Beers diamonds, the De Beers cartel.
The name now appears in discussions of monopoly power and the manufactured scarcity of gemstones.
Of English-speaking nations
- conglomerateCorporation spanning many industries
- multinationalOperating across multiple countries
- corporationLegally separate business entity
- shareholdersOwners of company stock
Oppenheimer · merger · acquisition · subsidiary · headquarters · revenue · Botswana · Namibia
Polished ornamental minerals
- caratsGem weight units
- brillianceExceptional intelligence or luster
- facetPlane on cut stone
- clarityState of being understandable
cut · sparkle · fire · luster · kimberlite · rough · polished · grading
Act of unearthing
- shaftNarrow vertical passage
- KimberleyAustralian wilderness region
- open-pitExcavated from exposed ground
- undergroundBelow ground or countercultural
prospecting · extraction · alluvial · sorting · recovery · reserves · exploration
Price-fixing coalition
- dominanceSuperior influence over others
- antitrustAgainst corporate market dominance
- market controlDominance over trade conditions
- price fixingIllegal coordinated rate-setting
regulation · market share · distribution · price manipulation · vertical integration
Commitment to wed or attend
- ringClosed curve shape
- necklaceNeck-worn ornament
- braceletOrnamental wrist band
- earringsJewelry worn on lobes
platinum · setting · solitaire · eternity band · pavé · bezel · prong · bridal
Paid promotional communication
- sloganMemorable promotional phrase
- campaignOrganized effort toward goal
- brandingCreating distinctive identity
- emotionalShowing strong feelings
romance · forever · eternity · commitment · symbolism · desire · rarity · investment
Showy, abundant prosperity
- prestigeReputation commanding admiration
- statusOne's relative position
- exclusiveLimited to one group
- eliteSuperior select group
glamour · sophistication · refinement · aspirational · premium · high-end · desirable · timeless
Anglo American
Of English-speaking nations
- conglomerateCorporation spanning many industries
- multinationalOperating across multiple countries
- corporationLegally separate business entity
Oppenheimer · shareholders · merger · acquisition · subsidiary · headquarters · revenue · Botswana · Namibia · South Africa
gemstones
Polished ornamental minerals
- caratsGem weight units
- brillianceExceptional intelligence or luster
- facetPlane on cut stone
clarity · cut · sparkle · fire · luster · kimberlite · rough · polished · grading · certification
excavation
Act of unearthing
- shaftNarrow vertical passage
- KimberleyAustralian wilderness region
- open-pitExcavated from exposed ground
underground · prospecting · extraction · alluvial · sorting · recovery · reserves · exploration
cartel
Price-fixing coalition
- dominanceSuperior influence over others
- antitrustAgainst corporate market dominance
- market controlDominance over trade conditions
price fixing · regulation · market share · distribution · price manipulation · vertical integration
engagement
Commitment to wed or attend
earrings · platinum · setting · solitaire · eternity band · pavé · bezel · prong · bridal · wedding band
advertising
Paid promotional communication
- sloganMemorable promotional phrase
- campaignOrganized effort toward goal
- brandingCreating distinctive identity
emotional · romance · forever · eternity · commitment · symbolism · desire · rarity · investment · sentiment
opulence
Showy, abundant prosperity
elite · glamour · sophistication · refinement · aspirational · premium · high-end · desirable · timeless · iconic
- South AfricaCape Town, Johannesburg, Nelson Mandela, Pretoria, Durban
- African miningdiamond mining, gold mining, copper mining, Anglo American, Kimberley
- diamond miningmine, mines, kimberlite, open pit mine, open pit mines
- Jewelry Tradejewelers, jewelry designers, goldsmiths, silversmiths, gemologists
- Mining CompaniesVale, Anglo American
- monopoliesmonopoly, Standard Oil, AT&T, Ma Bell, trusts
De Beersfree market
Commerce without state intervention
perfect competition · commodity exchange · open market · antitrust · competitive pricing
De Beersfair trade
Equitable exchange between parties
conflict-free · ethical sourcing · Patagonia · Kimberley Process · blood diamond