antitrust

Clayton Act

Federal antitrust statute

• Standard OilHistoric petroleum monopoly
• monopolizationGaining exclusive market control
• market dominanceControl over a sector

cartel · oligopoly · price fixing · collusion · predatory pricing · anti-competitive · market concentration · robber baron · breakup · divestiture

Federal Trade Commission

Agency overseeing marketplace fairness

• Department of JusticeFederal legal enforcement agency
• investigationFormal examination of facts
• lawsuitCivil court proceeding

consent decree · injunction · remedy · settlement · fine · penalty · compliance · prosecution · class action · damages

market share

Percentage of sector sales

• fair competitionContest without unfair advantage
• level playing fieldEqual competitive conditions
• consumer choiceBuyer's range of alternatives

innovation · pricing power · competitor · market entry · rivalry · challenger · efficiency · price competition · network effects · incumbent

economic analysis

Study of resource allocation

• market failureInefficient resource distribution
• barriersThings blocking access
• substitutesReplacements for originals

• legal fieldscivil law, criminal law, administrative law, common law, civil procedure
• monopoliesmonopoly, Standard Oil, AT&T, De Beers, Ma Bell
• tech policydata privacy, net neutrality, tech policy, digital rights, content moderation
• M&Amerger, acquisition, takeover, hostile takeover, leveraged buyout
• legallawyer, judge, jury, trial, verdict
• economic policymonetary policy, tax policy, fiscal discipline, fiscal stimulus, fiscal restraint