binary codes
Zeros and ones
Binary codes are systems that represent information using only two symbols, typically 0 and 1.
Computers use binary codes because electronic circuits naturally distinguish between two states—on and off, high voltage and low.
Text, images, and sound are all converted to sequences of binary digits for digital processing and storage: The message was transmitted in binary code.
Small amount or portion
- byteDigital information unit
- sequenceOrdered succession of elements
- arrayOrdered collection or display
- patternRecurring arrangement or template
string · matrix · toggle · switch · on-off · high-low · true-false
Electronic character encoding standard
- hexadecimalSixteen-digit numeral system
- octetGroup of precisely eight
- byteDigital information unit
- machine codeCPU-executable binary instructions
instruction set · BCD · Morse code · nibble
Sequential binary data transmission
- compressionForcing into smaller space
- storageSpace for keeping goods
- retrievalAct of getting back
- transmissionSending of information
bandwidth · checksum · error correction · redundancy · lossless · lossy · serialization · packet
Hidden writing system
- ciphertextEncoded, unreadable message
- encryptionConverting data into code
- decryptionConverting ciphertext to plaintext
- cryptanalysisStudy of breaking ciphers
AES · DES · RSA · public key · private key · symmetric · asymmetric · SSL
Finite problem-solving procedure
- processorComponent that executes instructions
- logic gateBinary operation circuit
- CPUMain computing chip
- RAMTemporary data storage hardware
ROM · microprocessor · transistor · circuitry · machine language · instruction set · register · compiler
bit
Small amount or portion
- byteDigital information unit
- sequenceOrdered succession of elements
- arrayOrdered collection or display
pattern · string · matrix · toggle · switch · on-off · high-low · true-false
ASCII
Electronic character encoding standard
- hexadecimalSixteen-digit numeral system
- octetGroup of precisely eight
- byteDigital information unit
machine code · instruction set · BCD · Morse code · nibble
bitstream
Sequential binary data transmission
- compressionForcing into smaller space
- storageSpace for keeping goods
- retrievalAct of getting back
transmission · bandwidth · checksum · error correction · redundancy · lossless · lossy · serialization · packet · buffer
cipher
Hidden writing system
- ciphertextEncoded, unreadable message
- encryptionConverting data into code
- decryptionConverting ciphertext to plaintext
cryptanalysis · AES · DES · RSA · public key · private key · symmetric · asymmetric · SSL · HTTPS
algorithm
Finite problem-solving procedure
- processorComponent that executes instructions
- logic gateBinary operation circuit
- CPUMain computing chip
RAM · ROM · microprocessor · transistor · circuitry · machine language · instruction set · register · compiler · interpreter
- codespassword, DNA, RNA, QR code, bar code
- Code puzzlesMastermind, cryptograms, codewords
binary codesnatural language
Human communication, not programming
plain text · ASCII text · prose · written language · plain English
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