Sharia
Quranic legal system
Sharia is Islamic religious law derived from the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad.
It encompasses religious observance, personal ethics, family law, and in some jurisdictions, civil and criminal matters.
Western discussions often invoke Sharia in debates about the relationship between religious and secular authority: The question of Sharia courts sparked controversy.
Also spelled Shariah. (Lowercase sharia is the more common spelling in news media.)
Islam's central scripture
Islamic legal adjudicator
- muftiIslamic law interpreter
- fatwaIslamic legal pronouncement
- ijmaUnanimous juristic agreement
- rulingFormal legal determination
codification · tribunal · judiciary · adjudication · arbitration
Formal union between partners
- divorceLegal end of matrimony
- custodyProtective care or control
- inheritanceProperty received from ancestors
- dowryMarital property transfer
Organizing rules into system
- constitutionInherent physical or structural makeup
- legislationOfficial enactment of statutes
- tribunalJudicial decision-making body
- judiciaryLaw-interpreting government branch
enforcement · compliance · penal · civil · adjudication · arbitration · criminal · blasphemy
Rule by religious authority
- caliphateIslamic successor-led government
- implementationPutting plans into effect
- enforcementCompelling compliance with rules
- penal codeLaws governing offenses
sovereignty · constitution · legislation · statehood · authority · secularism · reform
Address to deity
- zakatObligatory Islamic charity donation
- fastingDeliberate food avoidance
- RamadanNinth Islamic month
- pilgrimageReligious journey to shrine
hajj · modesty · hijab · dietary · ritual · observance · piety · worship
Right and wrong principles
- virtueMoral goodness or merit
- righteousnessMoral correctness or virtue
- pietySincere religious devotion
- dutyRequired moral task
conscience · integrity · honor · modesty · justice · equity · accountability · ihsan
No added cost for borrowing
- bankingFinancial institution transactions
- investmentDeploying capital for returns
- ethicalConforming to moral principles
- contractsEnforceable written agreements
Faith-driven political ideology
- SalafismUltraconservative Sunni movement
- WahhabismPuritanical Islamic reform doctrine
- revivalismMovement rekindling religious passion
- fundamentalismStrict adherence to core tenets
reform · secularism · modernism · traditionalism · clericalism · authenticity · revival
Quran
Islam's central scripture
qadi
Islamic legal adjudicator
ruling · codification · tribunal · judiciary · adjudication · arbitration
marriage
Formal union between partners
- divorceLegal end of matrimony
- custodyProtective care or control
- inheritanceProperty received from ancestors
dowry · polygamy · guardianship · maintenance · family law
codification
Organizing rules into system
- constitutionInherent physical or structural makeup
- legislationOfficial enactment of statutes
- tribunalJudicial decision-making body
judiciary · enforcement · compliance · penal · civil · adjudication · arbitration · criminal · blasphemy · apostasy
theocracy
Rule by religious authority
- caliphateIslamic successor-led government
- implementationPutting plans into effect
- enforcementCompelling compliance with rules
penal code · sovereignty · constitution · legislation · statehood · authority · secularism · reform
prayer
Address to deity
pilgrimage · hajj · modesty · hijab · dietary · ritual · observance · piety · worship · ablution
morality
Right and wrong principles
- virtueMoral goodness or merit
- righteousnessMoral correctness or virtue
- pietySincere religious devotion
duty · conscience · integrity · honor · modesty · justice · equity · accountability · ihsan · birr
interest-free
No added cost for borrowing
- bankingFinancial institution transactions
- investmentDeploying capital for returns
- ethicalConforming to moral principles
Islamism
Faith-driven political ideology
- SalafismUltraconservative Sunni movement
- WahhabismPuritanical Islamic reform doctrine
- revivalismMovement rekindling religious passion
fundamentalism · reform · secularism · modernism · traditionalism · clericalism · authenticity · revival
- Islamic LawShariah, fatwa, fatwas, qadi, mufti
- IslamAllah, Quran, Muhammad, Mecca, Ramadan
- Islamic jurisprudenceijma, fatwa, fatwas, legal theory, primary sources
- religious lawreligious law, canon law, sacred law, Mosaic law, Torah laws
- religious judgesqadi, dayan, inquisitor, auditor, religious tribunal
Shariasecular law
Legal code without religious basis
civil law · secularism · constitutional law · common law · separation of church and state
Sharialiberalism
Philosophy valuing reform, tolerance
feminism · progressivism · individual rights · sexual liberation · gender equality
- Sharia lawIslamic religious legal framework
- sharia complianceFollowing Islamic legal requirements
- sharia courtReligious body applying Muslim jurisprudence