Pennsylvania Dutch
Lancaster County settlers
Pennsylvania Dutch refers to German-speaking immigrants who settled in Pennsylvania beginning in the 17th century, and their descendants.
The name is misleading—Dutch here is a corruption of Deutsch, meaning German.
Pennsylvania Dutch also names the German dialect these communities speak, which remains in use among the Amish and some Mennonite groups: She grew up speaking Pennsylvania Dutch at home.
Horse-drawn cart
- plainBasic and unremarkable
- shunningDeliberately avoiding someone
- barn raisingCollective agricultural structure assembly
- bonnetHat secured under chin
beard · community · bishop · Anabaptist · pacifism · homestead · schoolhouse · handcrafted
Painted protective barn symbols
- barn starsDecorative agricultural building emblems
- quiltingLayered fabric stitching
- folk artTraditional community-made creativity
- cornhusk dollsFigures made from maize leaves
butter molds · redware · tinware · coverlets · sampler · hope chest · dowry · trousseau
Assembled group of worshippers
- meetinghousePlace for group worship
- pacifismAntiwar moral stance
- AnabaptistAdult-only baptism adherent
- LancasterEnglish dynasty, fifteenth century
hymnal · fellowship · minister · baptism · plain dress · service · outreach · missionary
Fried offal-cornmeal loaf
- shoofly pieMolasses-filled crumb-topped pastry
- whoopie pieCream-filled cake sandwich
- apple butterCooked-down fruit spread
- potpiePastry-topped meat stew
sauerkraut · chow-chow · funnel cake · sticky buns · birch beer
Regional language variety
- vernacularEveryday regional speech
- bilingualismProficiency in two languages
- code-switchingAlternating between linguistic varieties
- loanwordsAdopted foreign vocabulary
accent · idioms · fluency · vocabulary · grammar · speakers · preservation · spoken
Family line of descent
- settlersThose who establish homes
- colonialOf occupied territories
- immigrantsThose settling abroad
- RhinelandWestern German river region
Palatinate · genealogy · descendants · lineage · pioneers · roots · ancestral · ethnicity
buggy
Horse-drawn cart
- plainBasic and unremarkable
- shunningDeliberately avoiding someone
- barn raisingCollective agricultural structure assembly
bonnet · beard · community · bishop · Anabaptist · pacifism · homestead · schoolhouse · handcrafted · horse
hex signs
Painted protective barn symbols
- barn starsDecorative agricultural building emblems
- quiltingLayered fabric stitching
- folk artTraditional community-made creativity
cornhusk dolls · butter molds · redware · tinware · coverlets · sampler · hope chest · dowry · trousseau
congregation
Assembled group of worshippers
- meetinghousePlace for group worship
- pacifismAntiwar moral stance
- AnabaptistAdult-only baptism adherent
Lancaster · hymnal · fellowship · minister · baptism · plain dress · service · outreach · missionary · forgiveness
scrapple
Fried offal-cornmeal loaf
- shoofly pieMolasses-filled crumb-topped pastry
- whoopie pieCream-filled cake sandwich
- apple butterCooked-down fruit spread
potpie · sauerkraut · chow-chow · funnel cake · sticky buns · birch beer
dialect
Regional language variety
- vernacularEveryday regional speech
- bilingualismProficiency in two languages
- code-switchingAlternating between linguistic varieties
loanwords · accent · idioms · fluency · vocabulary · grammar · speakers · preservation · spoken · oral tradition
ancestry
Family line of descent
- settlersThose who establish homes
- colonialOf occupied territories
- immigrantsThose settling abroad
Rhineland · Palatinate · genealogy · descendants · lineage · pioneers · roots · ancestral · ethnicity · legacy
- American cuisineSouthern, Cajun, Creole, soul food, barbecue
- Colonial AmericaGeorge Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin, Benjamin Franklin, Declaration of Independence
- PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, Pittsburgh, Lancaster, Erie, Harrisburg
- regional cuisineTexas chili, New England clam chowder, Texas BBQ, Chicago deep dish, Detroit pizza
- colonial historycolonization, colonies, pilgrims, Jamestown, Plymouth
- American craftsquilts, quilting, coverlets, samplers, hooked rugs
Pennsylvania DutchAnglo-American
British and American combined
WASP · Yankees · Cajun · African American · Native American
Pennsylvania Dutchjet set
Wealthy international socialites
cosmopolitans · digital natives · digital native · techno-utopian · modernists
Dutch, Pennsylvania, Dutchman, Dutchmen, Pennsylvanian, Deutsch, Dutchwoman