loanwords
Adopted foreign terms
Loanwords are words adopted from one language into another with little or no modification.
English is full of them: *café* from French, *kindergarten* from German, *tsunami* from Japanese.
The term distinguishes borrowed vocabulary from native words or coinages.
Over time, loanwords often lose their foreign flavor—few English speakers think of *beef* or *pork* as French anymore.
Temporary taking of another's
- calqueBorrowed phrase translated literally
- cognateWord sharing etymological origin
- neologismNewly created expression
- lexiconVocabulary of a language
transliteration · phonetic · morphology · semantic · anglicism · foreignism · code-switching · substrate
Characteristic cooking style
- fashionCurrent popular trend
- musicOrganized auditory art
- artHuman creative expression
- religionSystem of spiritual belief
traditions · exoticism · cultural exchange · prestige · colonialism · imperialism · trade · migration
Absorbing into a whole
- naturalizationLegal path to belonging
- domesticationAdapting species to captivity
- integrationCombining into a whole
- incorporationForming a legal entity
Starting point or source
- sourcePoint of origin
- rootUnderground absorbing structure
- derivationSource or origin tracing
- etymonOriginal word form
proto-language · ancestry · philology · antecedent · attestation
borrowing
Temporary taking of another's
- calqueBorrowed phrase translated literally
- cognateWord sharing etymological origin
- neologismNewly created expression
lexicon · transliteration · phonetic · morphology · semantic · anglicism · foreignism · code-switching · substrate · pidgin
cuisine
Characteristic cooking style
religion · traditions · exoticism · cultural exchange · prestige · colonialism · imperialism · trade · migration · zeitgeist
assimilation
Absorbing into a whole
- naturalizationLegal path to belonging
- domesticationAdapting species to captivity
- integrationCombining into a whole
incorporation · anglicization · spelling reform · false friend
origin
Starting point or source
- sourcePoint of origin
- rootUnderground absorbing structure
- derivationSource or origin tracing
etymon · proto-language · ancestry · philology · antecedent · attestation
- languagelanguage, grammar, spelling, alphabet, letter
- vocabularyterm, terms, definition, definitions, meaning
- other languages Q&Atranslation, vocabulary, grammar, phrases, pronunciation
- etymologyetymon, origin, root, linguistic roots, Latin roots
- Language phenomenaborrowings, pidgins, creoles, dialects, slang
- linguistic termsacronym, anagram, antonym, synonym, homonym