Okhrana
Romanov secret police
The Okhrana was the secret police of the Russian Empire from 1881 to 1917, responsible for protecting the Tsar and suppressing revolutionary movements.
It employed surveillance, infiltration, and agents provocateurs against political dissidents.
The name comes from a Russian word meaning protection or guard.
The Okhrana had informants throughout the revolutionary underground.
Systematic observation of subjects
- infiltrationCovert entry into organization
- informantsPeople providing secret intelligence
- spycraftMethods of secret agents
- covertIntentionally concealed
intelligence · undercover · counterintelligence · moles · clandestine · tradecraft · double agents · dossiers
Clandestine state security apparatus
- political repressionState suppression of opposition
- revolutionariesThose seeking systemic overthrow
- BolsheviksLenin's revolutionary party
- MensheviksRussian moderate socialist faction
anarchists · exiles · Siberia · pogroms · censorship · arrests · imprisonment · deportation
Last imperial Russian ruler
- autocracyRule by one
- imperialRelating to supreme rule
- monarchyRule by crowned sovereign
- aristocracyRule by hereditary elite
nobility · Catherine the Great · Decembrists · serfdom · emancipation · Duma · Kremlin · Pan-Slavism
Administrative divisions or dressers
- directorshipRole leading an organization
- gendarmesFrench military police
- agentsThose who act for others
- operativesThose who execute missions
headquarters · branches · hierarchy · ranks · reports · archives · budget · personnel
surveillance
Systematic observation of subjects
- infiltrationCovert entry into organization
- informantsPeople providing secret intelligence
- spycraftMethods of secret agents
covert · intelligence · undercover · counterintelligence · moles · clandestine · tradecraft · double agents · dossiers · intercepts
secret police
Clandestine state security apparatus
- political repressionState suppression of opposition
- revolutionariesThose seeking systemic overthrow
- BolsheviksLenin's revolutionary party
Mensheviks · anarchists · exiles · Siberia · pogroms · censorship · arrests · imprisonment · deportation · provocateurs
Nicholas II
Last imperial Russian ruler
aristocracy · nobility · Catherine the Great · Decembrists · serfdom · emancipation · Duma · Kremlin · Pan-Slavism · Russification
bureaus
Administrative divisions or dressers
- directorshipRole leading an organization
- gendarmesFrench military police
- agentsThose who act for others
operatives · headquarters · branches · hierarchy · ranks · reports · archives · budget · personnel · jurisdiction
- espionagespy, spies, double agent, double agents, spying
- Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution, February Revolution, Bolsheviks, October Revolution, Lenin
- Tsarist Russiatsar, tsars, czar, tsarina, czarina
- Tsaristsroyalists, Nicholas II, Romanov, White Army, Imperial Guard
- 1905 RevolutionBloody Sunday, Tsar Nicholas II, Potemkin, general strike, Winter Palace
OkhranaBolsheviks
Lenin's revolutionary party
anarchists · Mensheviks · dissidents · Russian Revolution · revolutionary movement
Okhranafree press
Journalism without censorship
civil liberties · human rights organizations · political freedom · constitutional protections · due process