Tsar Nicholas II
Last Russian emperor
Tsar Nicholas II was the last emperor of Russia, ruling from 1894 until his forced abdication during the 1917 Revolution.
His reign saw military defeat in the Russo-Japanese War, the massacre of peaceful protesters on Bloody Sunday, and Russia's catastrophic involvement in World War I.
He and his family were executed by Bolsheviks in 1918.
His name evokes the end of imperial Russia and the dangers of autocratic rule disconnected from popular suffering.
- Bloody SundayViolent suppression of civilians
- DumaMoscow's legislative chamber
- Russian EmpireRomanov-ruled Eurasian state
- hemophiliaGenetic clotting impairment
- crownSovereign's ornamental headpiece
throne · Russian Revolution · uniform · abdication · house arrest · Anastasia · February Revolution · Romanov dynasty · imperial family · firing squad · Louis XVI · Rasputin · monarchy · martyrdom · canonization · World War I · Charles I · palace
- royaltyking, queen, prince, princess, kings
- MonarchsAugustus, Charlemagne, Constantine, Elizabeth I, Genghis Khan
- Russian HistorySoviet Union, tsars, Tsarist Russia, Romanov, czars
- Ousted RulersFerdinand Marcos, Haile Selassie, Kaiser Wilhelm II, Louis XVI, Batista
- Russian FiguresStalin, Lenin, Gorbachev, Trotsky, Brezhnev
- Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution, February Revolution, Bolsheviks, October Revolution, Lenin
Tsar Nicholas IIconstitutional monarch
Sovereign bound by law
Woodrow Wilson · Abraham Lincoln · parliamentary democracy · George Washington · democratic republic
Tsar Nicholas IIVladimir Lenin
First Soviet premier
Leon Trotsky · Bolsheviks · revolutionary · revolutionary leader · regicide
Tsar Nicholas IIPeter the Great
Russian emperor, early 1700s
Catherine the Great · Queen Victoria · Emperor Meiji · Otto von Bismarck · empire builder