CRISPR-Cas9
DNA editing tool
CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene-editing technology that allows scientists to cut DNA at specific locations and modify genetic sequences.
The system uses a guide molecule to locate a target stretch of DNA, then the Cas9 protein acts as molecular scissors to make the cut.
Applications range from treating genetic diseases to engineering crops: Researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 to correct the mutation causing sickle cell disease.
The term combines CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, a natural bacterial defense system) with Cas9 (the cutting enzyme).
Pivoted twin-blade cutter
- nucleaseDNA-cleaving enzyme
- programmableAble to accept instructions
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
- targetingSelecting as objective
knockout · off-target · delivery · plasmid
Facility for scientific investigation
- experimentSystematic investigation procedure
- zebrafishStriped lab model organism
- mouseSmall gnawing mammal
- DrosophilaFruit fly genus
screening · gain-of-function · phenotype · genotype · transgenic · organoid · protocol · benchmark
Bay Area university city
- breakthroughSudden important advance
- 2012Recent leap year
- ScienceSystematic natural study
- NatureThe untamed world
innovation · pioneer · collaboration · serendipity · yogurt
Inherited neurodegenerative condition
- oncologyCancer medicine specialty
- immunotherapyDisease treatment via body's defenses
- patientAble to wait calmly
- cureTreatment that heals
Lab-altered life form
- cropCultivated agricultural plants
- drought-toleranceCapacity to endure aridity
- yieldProduce or relinquish
- aquacultureFarming underwater organisms
salmon · mushroom · tomato · rice · wheat · maize · livestock · biofortification
Hereditary cellular lineage
- moratoriumTemporary prohibition or delay
- consentVoluntary agreement given
- equityImpartial treatment or ownership value
- accessRight to enter
enhancement · eugenics · regulation · governance · biosecurity · dual-use · oversight · UNESCO
Of or from germs
- phageBacteria-infecting virus
- spacerDevice maintaining separation
- repeatDo or say again
- locusParticular position or place
prokaryote · archaea · memory · integration · interference · Cascade · natural · evolution
scissors
Pivoted twin-blade cutter
- nucleaseDNA-cleaving enzyme
- programmableAble to accept instructions
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
targeting · knockout · off-target · delivery · plasmid
laboratory
Facility for scientific investigation
- experimentSystematic investigation procedure
- zebrafishStriped lab model organism
- mouseSmall gnawing mammal
Drosophila · screening · gain-of-function · phenotype · genotype · transgenic · organoid · protocol · benchmark · validation
Berkeley
Bay Area university city
- breakthroughSudden important advance
- 2012Recent leap year
- ScienceSystematic natural study
Nature · innovation · pioneer · collaboration · serendipity · yogurt
Huntington's
Inherited neurodegenerative condition
- oncologyCancer medicine specialty
- immunotherapyDisease treatment via body's defenses
- patientAble to wait calmly
cure · treatment · Vertex · therapeutic
GMO
Lab-altered life form
- cropCultivated agricultural plants
- drought-toleranceCapacity to endure aridity
- yieldProduce or relinquish
aquaculture · salmon · mushroom · tomato · rice · wheat · maize · livestock · biofortification · regulatory
germline
Hereditary cellular lineage
- moratoriumTemporary prohibition or delay
- consentVoluntary agreement given
- equityImpartial treatment or ownership value
access · enhancement · eugenics · regulation · governance · biosecurity · dual-use · oversight · UNESCO · patent
bacterial
Of or from germs
locus · prokaryote · archaea · memory · integration · interference · Cascade · natural · evolution · recognition
- BiotechDNA, bioengineering, genetic testing, gene, DNA sequencing
- Gene EditingCas9, gene editing, double-strand break, HDR
- DNA Proteinshistone, histones, repressor, repressors, activator
- Nucleasesnuclease, Cas9
CRISPR-Cas9natural selection
Differential reproductive success