stonework
Carved rock structures
Stonework is construction made of stone, or the craft of building with stone.
The term covers everything from decorative masonry to structural walls: The cathedral's stonework dates to the twelfth century.
A stoneworker shapes and sets stone; stoneworking is the activity itself.
Shaping by cutting away
- chiselEdged carving implement
- statueThree-dimensional sculpted likeness
- bas-reliefSculpture projecting slightly
- bustFailure or sculpture
frieze · marble · granite · alabaster · sculptor · monument · relief · intaglio
Builder using brick, mortar
- mortarGrinding bowl or binder
- trowelFlat blade for spreading
- bricklayerTradesperson laying mortared blocks
- ashlarPrecision-cut building stone
jointing · pointing · repointing · tuckpointing · grout · veneer · cladding · coursing
Carbonate sedimentary rock
- sandstoneCemented grain sediment
- graniteIgneous rock, quartz-rich
- marbleRecrystallized limestone rock
- slateFissile metamorphic rock
basalt · travertine · bluestone · brownstone · quartzite · soapstone · flagstone · fieldstone
Apex-topped geometric solids
- zigguratsMesopotamian terraced temple structures
- obelisksTall tapering stone monuments
- menhirsUpright prehistoric stone monuments
- dolmensAncient stone burial monuments
ruins · relics · antiquity · Mesopotamia · Egyptians · Greeks · Romans · Incas
Deceptive outward appearance
- buttressArchitectural wall reinforcement
- columnVertical structural element
- lintelBeam over an opening
- pedimentTriangular architectural crowning element
pilaster · portico · balustrade · cornice · arch · keystone · quoin · coping
carving
Shaping by cutting away
- chiselEdged carving implement
- statueThree-dimensional sculpted likeness
- bas-reliefSculpture projecting slightly
bust · frieze · marble · granite · alabaster · sculptor · monument · relief · intaglio · engraving
mason
Builder using brick, mortar
- mortarGrinding bowl or binder
- trowelFlat blade for spreading
- bricklayerTradesperson laying mortared blocks
ashlar · jointing · pointing · repointing · tuckpointing · grout · veneer · cladding · coursing · rubble
limestone
Carbonate sedimentary rock
slate · basalt · travertine · bluestone · brownstone · quartzite · soapstone · flagstone · fieldstone · cobble
pyramids
Apex-topped geometric solids
- zigguratsMesopotamian terraced temple structures
- obelisksTall tapering stone monuments
- menhirsUpright prehistoric stone monuments
dolmens · ruins · relics · antiquity · Mesopotamia · Egyptians · Greeks · Romans · Incas · Mayans
facade
Deceptive outward appearance
pediment · pilaster · portico · balustrade · cornice · arch · keystone · quoin · coping · parapet
quarry
Pit for extracting rock
- extractionAct of removing
- cuttingDividing via sharp edge
- splittingDividing into parts
wedge · drilling · blasting · block · slab · bedrock · seam · deposit · pit · mine
enduring
Persisting through time
solid · sturdy · resilient · lasting · ageless · monumental · immovable · unyielding · patina · load-bearing
- Andean RuinsMachu Picchu, Inca ruins, Inca Trail, Moray, sun temple
- artifactspottery shards, knives, masks, pottery, antiquity
- constructionconstruction site, building site, hammer, building, beam
- craftssewing, knitting, painting, glue, scissors
- manual laborfarming, lifting, carrying, shoveling, loading
- ancient craftspottery, mosaics, weaving, carpentry, blacksmithing
stoneworkwoodwork
Craft of building with lumber
metalwork · timberwork · timber framing · brickwork · steelwork
stoneworksynthetic materials
Human-manufactured, non-natural substances