programming language
Software authoring system
A programming language is a formal system of notation that allows humans to write instructions for computers to execute.
Languages like Python, JavaScript, and C++ each have their own syntax and rules, much like natural languages have grammar.
Some languages are designed for specific purposes—SQL for databases, HTML for web pages—while general-purpose languages can tackle almost any task.
Programmers often learn multiple languages, choosing whichever best fits the problem at hand.
Programming language from Sun
- PythonLarge nonvenomous squeezer
- C++Object-oriented systems language
- JavaScriptWeb programming language
- RubyRed precious stone
Rust · Go · Swift · Kotlin · TypeScript · C# · Haskell · Perl
One who conveys meaning between languages
- PythonLarge nonvenomous squeezer
- RubyRed precious stone
- PerlText-processing scripting language
- JavaScriptWeb programming language
PHP · Lua · PowerShell · shell · lightweight · automation · rapid prototyping · text processing
Source-to-machine-code translator
- interpreterOne who conveys meaning between languages
- runtimeProgram execution duration
- bytecodeCompiled platform-neutral instructions
- virtual machineEmulated computer system
just-in-time · garbage collection · memory management · stack · heap · executable · linking · binary
Error removal from programs
- compilationGathered works assembled together
- refactoringCode improvement, same behavior
- versioningTracking successive iterations
- integrationCombining into a whole
deployment · repository · iteration · testing · optimization · architecture · documentation · code review
Language's structural rules
- parsingGrammatical structure extraction
- semanticsStudy of linguistic meaning
- operatorsThose who manage equipment
- expressionsOutward manifestations of feeling
statements · conditionals · loops · variables · functions · parameters · arguments · blocks
Paradigm using encapsulated entities
- functionalAble to operate correctly
- proceduralFollowing set steps
- declarativeStating rather than asking
- imperativeUnavoidably necessary
logic · concurrent · event-driven · aspect-oriented · reactive · structured · modular · generic
Java
Programming language from Sun
- PythonLarge nonvenomous squeezer
- C++Object-oriented systems language
- JavaScriptWeb programming language
Ruby · Rust · Go · Swift · Kotlin · TypeScript · C# · Haskell · Perl · PHP
interpreter
One who conveys meaning between languages
JavaScript · PHP · Lua · PowerShell · shell · lightweight · automation · rapid prototyping · text processing · command line
compiler
Source-to-machine-code translator
- interpreterOne who conveys meaning between languages
- runtimeProgram execution duration
- bytecodeCompiled platform-neutral instructions
virtual machine · just-in-time · garbage collection · memory management · stack · heap · executable · linking · binary · machine code
debugging
Error removal from programs
- compilationGathered works assembled together
- refactoringCode improvement, same behavior
- versioningTracking successive iterations
integration · deployment · repository · iteration · testing · optimization · architecture · documentation · code review · IDE
grammar
Language's structural rules
- parsingGrammatical structure extraction
- semanticsStudy of linguistic meaning
- operatorsThose who manage equipment
expressions · statements · conditionals · loops · variables · functions · parameters · arguments · blocks · classes
object-oriented
Paradigm using encapsulated entities
- functionalAble to operate correctly
- proceduralFollowing set steps
- declarativeStating rather than asking
imperative · logic · concurrent · event-driven · aspect-oriented · reactive · structured · modular · generic · metaprogramming
programming languagenatural language
Human communication, not programming
spoken language · vernacular · mother tongue · native language · everyday speech
programming languagemachine code
CPU-executable binary instructions
executable · binary code · bytecode · object code · runtime
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